Indians (The American heritage library)

Some of the most popular works of 19th-century music were labelled either 'Hungarian' or 'Gypsy' in style, including many of the best-known and least-respected of Liszt's compositions. In the early 20th century, Bela Bartok and his colleagues questioned not only the Hungarianness but also the good taste of that style. Bartok argued that it should be discarded in favour of a national style based in the 'genuine' folk music of the rural peasantry.