Library's review
Contents
Preface
Chapter 1 Introduction
Section 1 Bioenergetics
Chapter 2 Energy sources
1 Energy defined
2 The biological energy cycle
3 ATP
Sources of ATP
Aerobic and anaerobic pathways during rest and exercise
Interaction of aerobic and anaerobic energy sources during exercise
Chapter 3 Recovery from
1 The oxygen debt
Replenishement of energy stores and removal of lactic acid
Restoration of ATP + PC and the alactacid debt
Glycogen resynthesis, lactic acid removal, and the lactacid oxygen debt
Chapter 4 Energy, work, and power
1 Energy
2 Work
3 Power
Direct measurement of energy: The bomb calorimeter
Indirect measurement of energy
Respiratory exchange ratio
Protocol for indirectly measuring energy cost
Determination of work output
Determination of work input
Ancillary considerations in measuring energy
Modified methods of reflecting energy cost
Section 2 Neuromuscular concepts
Chapter 5 Nervous control of muscular movement
1 Introduction
2 Sensory receptors
Smell
Sound
Balance
3 Reflex arc
4 Nerve-to-nerve synapses
Spatial and temporal summation
Inhibition at the neuronal synapse
5 Activity at the neuromuscular junction
6 Proprioceptors
The muscle spindle
Muslce tonus
Stretch reflex
7 The nervous system and motor skills
Vountary control of motor function
Premotor area for learning specialized motor skills
Sensory input and motor skills
Henry's memory drum
Chapter 6 Skeletal muscle: Structure and function
1 Gross structure and function-Connective tissues; Tendons; Blood supply; Nerve supply; Red and white muscle fibers
2 Microscopic structure-The basis for contraction
Structure of the muscle cell
The sliding filament theory
Chapter 7 Muscular strength, endurance, and flexibility
1 Mechanics of muscluar contraction-Levers; Principle of moments; Trigonometry and forces; The Nautius equipment; Minii-gym and Cybex equipment
2 Weight training programs-Muscular strength defined; Muscular endurance defined; Physiological changes accompanying increased strength; The overload principle; Specificity of weight training; Strength and endurance programs
3 Flexibility-Definition of flexibiity; Structural limits to flexibility; Development of flexibility; Flexibility and performance
Section 3 Cardiorespiratory considerations
Chapter 8 Pulmonary ventilation
1 Minute ventilation-Ventilation at rest; Ventilation during exercise; Alveolar ventilation and dead space; Other lung volumes and capacities; Second wind
2 Ventilatory mechanics-Movements of the thoracic cage: The ventilatory jmuscles; Oxygen cost of ventilation; Pressure changes
Chapter 9 Gaseous excange and transport
1 Gaseous exchange: Diffusion; Partial pressure of gases; PO2 and PCO2 gradients in the body; Other factors affectiing gas exchange; Diffusion capacity during exercise
2 Gaseous transport
3 Transport of oxygen by blood-Dissolved oxygen; Oxyhemoglobin (HbO2); The oxyhemoglobin dissociation (or association) curve
4 Transport of carbon dioxide by blood-Dissolved carbon dioxide; Transport of CO2 in chemical combination
Chapter 10 Blood flow and gas transport
1 Blood flow changes-Cardiac output during exercise; Distribution of blood flow; The oxygen transport system
2 Circulator mechanics: Hemodynamics-Blood pressure; Resistance to flow; Changes in pressure and resistance during exercise
Chapter 11 Cardiorespiratory control
1 Summary of the cardiorespiratory system
2 The respiratory and circulatory centers-Stimulation of the cardiorespiratory centers; Innervation of the cardiorespiratory apparatus
3 Cardiorespiratory control at rest and during exercise-Control at rest; Control during exercise; Other control mechanisms
Section 4 Physical training
Chapter 12 Interval training and other conditioning methods
1 General considerations-Training principles; Training phases; Preliminary exercise (warm-up)
2 Interval training-Energy production and fatigue during intermittent work; Interval training terms; Interval training variables; Selecting the type of work for the work interval; Manipulation of variables; The group interval training program; Administering the group program; Summary of the interval training system
3 Other conditioning methods-Continuous running; Repetition running; Speed play or Fartlek training; Sprint training; Inerval sprinting; Acceleration sprints; Hollow sprints
Chapter 13 Physiological effects of physical training
1 Training effects-Biochemical changes; Cardioresiratory (systemic) changes; Other training changes
2 Factors influencing training effects-Intensity of training; Frequency and duration of training; Specificity of training effects; Genetic limitations; Mode of exercise; Maintenance of training effects
Section 5 Environmental aspects
Capter 14 Diffusion, osmosis, and drowning
1 The cell-Diffusio; Faclitated diffusion; Osmosis; Electrical forces; Active transport
2 Physiology of drowning-Drowning in fresh water; Drowning in sea water; Emergency tratment
Chapter 15 Exercise and acid-base balance
1 Acids and bases
2 Buffers-pH (power of the hydrogen ion)
3 Respiratory regulation-Alkali reserve
4 The kidney and acid-base balance-Alkalosis and acidosis
5 Acid-base balance following strenuous exercise
Chapter 16 Scuba and performance at altitude
1 Effects of changes in pressure and temperature on gas volumes-Effects of pressure changes on gas volume; Effects of temperature changes on gas volume; Weight of air
2 Physical and physiological principles of scuba; Air embolus; Spontaneous pneumothorax (spontaneous entrance of air into the pleural cavity); Nitrogen narcosis (raptures of the deep); The bends; Oxygen poisoning; Squeeze; Aerotitis; New underwater breathing systems
3 Performance at altitude; Altitude acclimatization; Athletic performance at altitude; Training and altitude
Chapter 17 Heat balance: Prevention of heat stroke in athletics
1 Heat balance-Heat loss; Heat gain
2 Temperature regulation-Thermal receptors; Effectors; The regulatory center
3 Exercise in the heat and heat disorders-Exercise in the heat
4 Heat disorders in athletics-Football; Other sports
5 Prevention of heat disorders-Salt and water; Acclimatization to heat; Clothing and environment; Emergency care in heat illness
6 Cold-Physiological responses to cold; Exercise; Clothing
Section 6 Nutrition and body composition
Chapter 18 Nutrition, athletic performance, and obesity
1 Energy balace and cost of activities
2 Nutrients-Carbohydrates; Fats; Proteins; Vitamins
3 Food requirements-Selecting foods; Number of meals; Diet before activity; Diet during activity; Diet following activity; Can diet affect performance?
4 Obesity-What is obesity?
Chapter 19 Somototype adn body fat
1 Somatotype-The Sheldon somototype; Heath-Carter anthropometric somatotype; Somatotype and physical activity
2 Body fat-Specific gravity; Sloan-Weir nomograms for predictiong body density and total body fat
3 Making weight in wrestling-The iowa studies
Section 8 Special consideratons
Chapter 20 Ergogenic aids (work aids)
1 Problems in research design
2 Steroids
3 Amphetamines
4 Blood doping
5 Aspartic acid salts
6 Oxygen
7 Vitamen
Chapter 21 Exercise and trainngin femals
1 Performance records
2 Body size and body composition; Weight and heght; Body fat; Possible body structure differences; Age and body size differences
3 The energy systems-The ATP-PC System; The lactic acid system; The oxygen or aerobic system
4 Strength-Strength differences; Effects of weight training
5 Physical trainability-Training frequency, duration, and intensity; Physiological changes following training
6 Gynecological considerations-Menstruation; The breasts, reproductive orans, pregnancy, and childbirth
Chapter 22 Tests and measurements
1 Body weight-Factors influencing body weight changes; Recording body weight measurements
2 Temperature and relative humidity-Temperature; Relative humidity
3 Power tests-Sargent jump; Margaria-Kalamen power test; 50-yard dash test
4 Tests of maximal aerobic power-Methods of directly assessing aeorobic power; Methods of indirectly assessing aerobic power
Appendix A Pulmonary symbols and norms
Appendix B The gas laws
Appendix C Calculation of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production
Appendix D A basic weight lifting program for high school through adulthood
Apendix E Interval training programs for unconditioned college men and women
Glossary
Index
Preface
Chapter 1 Introduction
Section 1 Bioenergetics
Chapter 2 Energy sources
1 Energy defined
2 The biological energy cycle
3 ATP
Sources of ATP
Aerobic and anaerobic pathways during rest and exercise
Interaction of aerobic and anaerobic energy sources during exercise
Chapter 3 Recovery from
Show More
exercise1 The oxygen debt
Replenishement of energy stores and removal of lactic acid
Restoration of ATP + PC and the alactacid debt
Glycogen resynthesis, lactic acid removal, and the lactacid oxygen debt
Chapter 4 Energy, work, and power
1 Energy
2 Work
3 Power
Direct measurement of energy: The bomb calorimeter
Indirect measurement of energy
Respiratory exchange ratio
Protocol for indirectly measuring energy cost
Determination of work output
Determination of work input
Ancillary considerations in measuring energy
Modified methods of reflecting energy cost
Section 2 Neuromuscular concepts
Chapter 5 Nervous control of muscular movement
1 Introduction
2 Sensory receptors
Smell
Sound
Balance
3 Reflex arc
4 Nerve-to-nerve synapses
Spatial and temporal summation
Inhibition at the neuronal synapse
5 Activity at the neuromuscular junction
6 Proprioceptors
The muscle spindle
Muslce tonus
Stretch reflex
7 The nervous system and motor skills
Vountary control of motor function
Premotor area for learning specialized motor skills
Sensory input and motor skills
Henry's memory drum
Chapter 6 Skeletal muscle: Structure and function
1 Gross structure and function-Connective tissues; Tendons; Blood supply; Nerve supply; Red and white muscle fibers
2 Microscopic structure-The basis for contraction
Structure of the muscle cell
The sliding filament theory
Chapter 7 Muscular strength, endurance, and flexibility
1 Mechanics of muscluar contraction-Levers; Principle of moments; Trigonometry and forces; The Nautius equipment; Minii-gym and Cybex equipment
2 Weight training programs-Muscular strength defined; Muscular endurance defined; Physiological changes accompanying increased strength; The overload principle; Specificity of weight training; Strength and endurance programs
3 Flexibility-Definition of flexibiity; Structural limits to flexibility; Development of flexibility; Flexibility and performance
Section 3 Cardiorespiratory considerations
Chapter 8 Pulmonary ventilation
1 Minute ventilation-Ventilation at rest; Ventilation during exercise; Alveolar ventilation and dead space; Other lung volumes and capacities; Second wind
2 Ventilatory mechanics-Movements of the thoracic cage: The ventilatory jmuscles; Oxygen cost of ventilation; Pressure changes
Chapter 9 Gaseous excange and transport
1 Gaseous exchange: Diffusion; Partial pressure of gases; PO2 and PCO2 gradients in the body; Other factors affectiing gas exchange; Diffusion capacity during exercise
2 Gaseous transport
3 Transport of oxygen by blood-Dissolved oxygen; Oxyhemoglobin (HbO2); The oxyhemoglobin dissociation (or association) curve
4 Transport of carbon dioxide by blood-Dissolved carbon dioxide; Transport of CO2 in chemical combination
Chapter 10 Blood flow and gas transport
1 Blood flow changes-Cardiac output during exercise; Distribution of blood flow; The oxygen transport system
2 Circulator mechanics: Hemodynamics-Blood pressure; Resistance to flow; Changes in pressure and resistance during exercise
Chapter 11 Cardiorespiratory control
1 Summary of the cardiorespiratory system
2 The respiratory and circulatory centers-Stimulation of the cardiorespiratory centers; Innervation of the cardiorespiratory apparatus
3 Cardiorespiratory control at rest and during exercise-Control at rest; Control during exercise; Other control mechanisms
Section 4 Physical training
Chapter 12 Interval training and other conditioning methods
1 General considerations-Training principles; Training phases; Preliminary exercise (warm-up)
2 Interval training-Energy production and fatigue during intermittent work; Interval training terms; Interval training variables; Selecting the type of work for the work interval; Manipulation of variables; The group interval training program; Administering the group program; Summary of the interval training system
3 Other conditioning methods-Continuous running; Repetition running; Speed play or Fartlek training; Sprint training; Inerval sprinting; Acceleration sprints; Hollow sprints
Chapter 13 Physiological effects of physical training
1 Training effects-Biochemical changes; Cardioresiratory (systemic) changes; Other training changes
2 Factors influencing training effects-Intensity of training; Frequency and duration of training; Specificity of training effects; Genetic limitations; Mode of exercise; Maintenance of training effects
Section 5 Environmental aspects
Capter 14 Diffusion, osmosis, and drowning
1 The cell-Diffusio; Faclitated diffusion; Osmosis; Electrical forces; Active transport
2 Physiology of drowning-Drowning in fresh water; Drowning in sea water; Emergency tratment
Chapter 15 Exercise and acid-base balance
1 Acids and bases
2 Buffers-pH (power of the hydrogen ion)
3 Respiratory regulation-Alkali reserve
4 The kidney and acid-base balance-Alkalosis and acidosis
5 Acid-base balance following strenuous exercise
Chapter 16 Scuba and performance at altitude
1 Effects of changes in pressure and temperature on gas volumes-Effects of pressure changes on gas volume; Effects of temperature changes on gas volume; Weight of air
2 Physical and physiological principles of scuba; Air embolus; Spontaneous pneumothorax (spontaneous entrance of air into the pleural cavity); Nitrogen narcosis (raptures of the deep); The bends; Oxygen poisoning; Squeeze; Aerotitis; New underwater breathing systems
3 Performance at altitude; Altitude acclimatization; Athletic performance at altitude; Training and altitude
Chapter 17 Heat balance: Prevention of heat stroke in athletics
1 Heat balance-Heat loss; Heat gain
2 Temperature regulation-Thermal receptors; Effectors; The regulatory center
3 Exercise in the heat and heat disorders-Exercise in the heat
4 Heat disorders in athletics-Football; Other sports
5 Prevention of heat disorders-Salt and water; Acclimatization to heat; Clothing and environment; Emergency care in heat illness
6 Cold-Physiological responses to cold; Exercise; Clothing
Section 6 Nutrition and body composition
Chapter 18 Nutrition, athletic performance, and obesity
1 Energy balace and cost of activities
2 Nutrients-Carbohydrates; Fats; Proteins; Vitamins
3 Food requirements-Selecting foods; Number of meals; Diet before activity; Diet during activity; Diet following activity; Can diet affect performance?
4 Obesity-What is obesity?
Chapter 19 Somototype adn body fat
1 Somatotype-The Sheldon somototype; Heath-Carter anthropometric somatotype; Somatotype and physical activity
2 Body fat-Specific gravity; Sloan-Weir nomograms for predictiong body density and total body fat
3 Making weight in wrestling-The iowa studies
Section 8 Special consideratons
Chapter 20 Ergogenic aids (work aids)
1 Problems in research design
2 Steroids
3 Amphetamines
4 Blood doping
5 Aspartic acid salts
6 Oxygen
7 Vitamen
Chapter 21 Exercise and trainngin femals
1 Performance records
2 Body size and body composition; Weight and heght; Body fat; Possible body structure differences; Age and body size differences
3 The energy systems-The ATP-PC System; The lactic acid system; The oxygen or aerobic system
4 Strength-Strength differences; Effects of weight training
5 Physical trainability-Training frequency, duration, and intensity; Physiological changes following training
6 Gynecological considerations-Menstruation; The breasts, reproductive orans, pregnancy, and childbirth
Chapter 22 Tests and measurements
1 Body weight-Factors influencing body weight changes; Recording body weight measurements
2 Temperature and relative humidity-Temperature; Relative humidity
3 Power tests-Sargent jump; Margaria-Kalamen power test; 50-yard dash test
4 Tests of maximal aerobic power-Methods of directly assessing aeorobic power; Methods of indirectly assessing aerobic power
Appendix A Pulmonary symbols and norms
Appendix B The gas laws
Appendix C Calculation of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production
Appendix D A basic weight lifting program for high school through adulthood
Apendix E Interval training programs for unconditioned college men and women
Glossary
Index
Show Less
ISBN
072166184X / 9780721661841
Publication
W. B. Saunders Company Philadelphia/London/Toronto