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Biography & Autobiography. Juvenile Nonfiction. Reference. The landmark 1954 Supreme Court ruling, Brown v. Board of Education, brought the promise of integration to Little Rock, Arkansas, but it was hard-won for the nine black teenagers chosen to integrate Central High School in 1957. They ran a gauntlet flanked by a rampaging mob and a heavily armed Arkansas National Guard-opposition so intense that soldiers from the elite 101st Airborne Division were called in to restore order. For Melba Beals and her eight friends those steps marked their transformation into reluctant warriors-on a battlefield that helped shape the civil rights movement.Warriors Don't Cry, drawn from Melba Beals's personal diaries, is a riveting true account of her junior year at Central High-one filled with telephone threats, brigades of attacking mothers, rogue police, fireball and acid-throwing attacks, economic blackmail, and, finally, a price upon Melba's head. With the help of her English-teacher mother; her eight fellow warriors; and her gun-toting, Bible-and-Shakespeare-loving grandmother, Melba survived. And, incredibly, from a year that would hold no sweet-sixteen parties or school plays, Melba Beals emerged with indestructible faith, courage, strength, and hope.… (more)
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The families of the children were also threatened, lost jobs, etc. All but one child finished out the school year.
It's a reminder that heroism often isn't a single moment of glory, but often a long, lonely path that requires persistence and unshakable conviction.
(My brain breaks. You've got nine terrified kids in your office, some of whom are still bleeding from the in-school violence that morning, the mob outside is bribing the police officers into taking off their badges and joining them, and you're discussing whether or not it makes sense to turn one of the kids over to the lynch mob? And not only are you even considering this, you're discussing this right in front of the kids? As if they do not exist? As if they do not need you to care for and protect them, both psychologically and physically?)
Even after the 101st Airborne was sent to Little Rock to subdue the mob outside the school, the violence continued inside the school, this time executed by their classmates. Despite the presence of a bodyguard from the 101st who followed Beals from class to class, Beals was throttled during assembly, stabbed during class, had acid shot into her eyes with a squirt gun, had a stick of lit dynamite thrown at her in the stairwell... These weren't isolated freak incidents. They were the highlights of an unremitting campaign of violence: of being slapped, pushed down stairs, spat on, kicked, punched, sprayed with ink or urine...
And then, at Thanksgiving, the 101st Airborne were withdrawn from Central High, leaving Beals and her eight classmates on their own.
If you can pull your eyes away from the violence, there are other important aspects to this story: political thrusts and counter-thrusts, social dynamics, peer pressure, psychological tactics. The ferocity and persistence of the violence was largely incited by the actions of one man, the Arkansas governor. The Nine were under pressure within their black community to give up the fight; everyone was suffering retaliatory violence and economic pressure, not just these nine students. As the year continued, the segregationists did not "get used to" the presence of the black students and start settling down, as so many had predicted; instead, the segregationists became more organized and more effective. Beals hints at other folks' stories: the white vice-principal who gradually stopped being an ally as the social pressure on her increased; the Airborne bodyguard who tried to secretly teach her the psychological necessities of battle; the white student who attended segregationist planning meetings and fed Beals information about where and when the most lethal attacks would be, but who also went crazy on Beals, both blaming her for "screwing up his senior year" and considering her his property since he had saved her life so many times over.
Somehow, Beals accomplished the goal she set for herself: to make it to the end of the school year, still alive and still enrolled. (One of her black classmates did not make it: she was suspended at mid-year, and then later expelled, for spilling a bowl of chili on her aggressors. Again my brain breaks.) Yet Beals never graduated from Central High -- all the high schools in the district were closed the following year -- what would have been Beals' senior year -- and then, because of escalating death threats, Beals fled Arkansas and finished high school in California.
The book is written through the voice of the fifteen year old girl Beals was at the time, and so is emotionally raw and bewildered, without the moderating perspective of the forty years that have passed. The story is both powerful and chilling, and liable to rock the comfortable worlds of people who never understood what segregation in the South meant.
This is a great companion read to go
When Melba went home and wept into her pillow that day, her grandmother told her “…Make this your last cry. You’re a warrior on the battlefield for your Lord. God’s warriors don’t cry.”
In her memoir, Warriors Don’t Cry, Melba Pattillo Beals describes the long hard battle she experienced during her junior year at Central High. It took an order from the President and the Screaming Eagles from the 101st Airborne to get the students into the school and protect them. Melba was spit upon, cursed, cornered and kicked. She faced death threats and knives. Danny, her guard, taught her to deal with it like a soldier. Her grandmother, India, taught her to deal with it like God’s soldier.
Warriors Don’t Cry gives us both the personal and political perspective of these pivotal events in civil rights. We hear the voice of Melba the teen as well as the adult voice of the professional journalist she would later become. The writing is straight-forward and often intense. This is an excellent read for students in middle school or older. The organization Facing History and Ourselves offers a reader’s guide.
I had never heard of Melba Beals, as Ruby Bridges was always portrayed as the poster child for school integration. The Little Rock Nine, I remember, was taught as a unit and little was discussed on the individual student's experiences. I think that this book is easy for students to relate to because of Melba Beals' age at the time and the setting of the South. I would keep this book on my shelves and encourage students to read this powerful memoir.
The systematic, constant harassment, vile comments and behaviour these young people had to put up with during their school year was horrifying and their bravery in sticking it out was incredible.
They did so at the very expense of their
The year began and ended in hell. Melba was taunted and called "nigger" many times every day. She was told she stank. She was spit upon. Someone threw acid at her face. There always was the threat of a rope that the students told her would fit around her neck.
All to soon the nine black students realized they truly were alone. When reports of the terror they experienced, they were told to not make a big deal of it!
Page after page, Melba tells of the daily horror. They were not wanted, and they were going to pay for their upittyness!
It also highlights the struggles of Melba's family to support her valiant efforts to receive the same quality of education as her white counterparts in their setting.
As readers we are very fortunate that Melba shared her experiences in this book, as so many of us have no idea what African-Americans have experienced and, unfortunately, many probably still experience, along with other racial minorities.
I was a white, northern, naive 10-year-old in 1957; I cannot imagine the courage it took for those nine students to start, then continue, this monumental effort.