The fifth risk : undoing democracy

by Michael Lewis

Paper Book, 2018

Status

Available

Call number

973.933

Collection

Publication

London : Allen Lane, 2018.

Description

"The election happened," remembers Elizabeth Sherwood-Randall, then deputy secretary of the Department of Energy. "And then there was radio silence." Across all departments, similar stories were playing out: Trump appointees were few and far between; those that did show up were shockingly uninformed about the functions of their new workplace. Some even threw away the briefing books that had been prepared for them. Michael Lewis takes us into the engine rooms of a government under attack by its own leaders. At Agriculture, the funding of vital programs like food stamps and school lunches is being slashed. The Commerce Department may not have enough staff to conduct the 2020 Census properly. Over at Energy, where international nuclear risk is managed, it's not clear there will be enough inspectors to track and locate black market uranium before terrorists do. Willful ignorance plays a role in these looming disasters. If your ambition is to maximize short-term gain without regard to the long-term cost, you are better off not knowing the cost. If you want to preserve your personal immunity to the hard problems, it's better never to really understand those problems. But if there are dangerous fools in this book, there are also heroes -- unsung, of course. They are the linchpins of the system: those public servants whose knowledge, dedication, and proactivity keep the machinery running. Michael Lewis finds them, and he asks them what keeps them up at night.… (more)

User reviews

LibraryThing member dmturner
Readable, interesting, thought provoking paean to the hidden heroes of federal bureaucracy, and also a dire warning of what the Trump Administration is already doing to dismantle what works in the government.
LibraryThing member browner56
In The Fifth Risk, Michael Lewis offers an intriguing, if flawed, look at how the federal government functions as well as what the men and women who makes things work stay up at night worrying about. Expanded from a magazine article he published earlier, the book essentially focuses on three
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different topics. First, the author provides a detailed view of what actually happens at the Departments of Energy, Agriculture, and Commerce, which is quite a bit different than what most of us think those agencies do, Second, Lewis profiles some of the truly remarkable people who run these critical programs and poses to each of them a provocative question: What are the biggest risks in what you do? Finally, he critiques how the 45th POTUS handled the transition of power from his predecessor, focusing on just how unprepared, inept, and self-serving that process was.

Lewis’ development of the first two topics is both successful and quite enlightening. For instance, he tells the story of asking the chief risk officer for the Department of Energy, the agency that oversees both our nuclear energy program and the nation’s nuclear weapon arsenal, to rank his most worrisome concerns. The fifth risk listed, after obvious ones such as terrorist attacks or natural disasters, was the threat of bad project management, which becomes a theme for the entire book. The author also details how access to publicly funded data—especially that involving weather forecasting—has become increasingly restricted and co-opted for use by the private sector. On the other hand, Lewis is far less effective in promoting his overt political agenda; while much of this information is infuriating, too much of it is unfocused, underdeveloped, and a little dated. So, although this book is worthwhile for the message it delivers, it nevertheless seemed to be a hastily constructed effort that falls short of the extremely high standard that the author has set for himself with his past work.
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LibraryThing member Opinionated
Although really it should be called "The Fifth Risk: Undoing Government" because Lewis' main point - illustrated by many very scary examples - is that federal government, that favourite whipping post of the right, is in the process of being dismantled by people who don't even know what it does. The
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problem that Lewis highlights is that government departments - he focuses on Commerce (which has very little to do with Business), Agriculture (which is not just the department that deals with farming) and Energy (think cleaning up nuclear waste rather than regulating oil) - do such a a wide range of both vital and tremendously useful stuff that it is almost impossible for career veterans to understand them properly, let alone political appointees

Sounds like these behemoths could do with some simplification and reorganisation then? There's certainly an argument for it. But to reorganise requires understanding, care, thought and intelligence. None of which Trump appointees have.

Have you wondered why Federal Government's response to COVID-19 has been, at best, laggardly and at worst criminally negligent? The answers are all here. As Lewis presents it, ignorance is not just an unfortunate side effect of the Trump regime but a deliberate policy. If you don't understand an issue, you don't have to deal with it. If you aren't even aware of an issue you can brush it aside. Ignorance is easier; ignorance is bliss. Experts are troublemakers - much easier to get rid of them and replace them with fawning lackeys. The COVID response is disaster enough, but you are left being glad that at least there hasn't been a nuclear accident to deal with; because, for the first time in history, the US probably wouldn't be able to

So whilst Trump appointees such as Rick Perry, Barry Myers and Wilbur Ross may entertainingly come across as, in turn, incompetent, corrupt and hopelessly out of his depth, that isn't really the point. The point is that you have to at least understand what government does when you are supposed to be running it. You have to do the work. As we all know, Donald Trump isn't interested in work and is pulling this edifice down without even knowing it

Scary stuff indeed. Minus half a star because it feels like a combination of 1 long and 2 mid length magazine pieces. So structurally its far from perfect. But the content is devastating
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LibraryThing member reenum
Once again, Michael Lewis looks at a usually uninteresting subject, government infrastructure, and makes it endlessly fascinating.

First, this is a book that is anti-Trump. If you have a closed mind and can't bear to read anything that criticizes the Donald, then please read something more to your
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speed, like Ben Shapiro's book.

There are many super interesting stories, but the one I liked the most was the story of Art Allen. Allen was the Coast Guard's chief oceanographer for 35 years. During that time, his research led to a huge improvement in the success of search and rescue operations. Allen painstakingly researched how different things float and then put his findings into a book that became used all over the world. Allen's research was eventually incorporated into software being used by search and rescue teams. The research was created for the greater good, nothing more. But, like the others in this book, Allen left government service after Trump took over.

I sincerely hope that we can put the Trump administration behind us soon. If you need a few reasons why, read this book.
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LibraryThing member BenKline
In the new sudden swarm of "Trump-literature" (Trumplit? Trumpstories? I dunno, trying here!) (though even "Trump-literature" sounds wrong, because this is NONFICTION not FICTION, despite how batshit crazy it all sounds), this comes off remarkably well. Not taking into account political views/bias
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there has been a slew of books on Trump/about Trump/about his organization/politics/government/governing style since (and even pre-) [his] election. Some good and some bad (both pro-Trump and anti-Trump had some good and bad). This is very well done. As to be expected with Michael Lewis, one of my favorite author journalists. He tackles the things we don't KNOW or THINK about within government, particularly Trump's, and how that is what should be scaring the piss out of us.

Things as crazy as how Trump's transition team started, how he thought (or didn't think) it was supposed to be ran, and then various other things like Department of Energy, NOAA, etc, etc, etc. (A lot of letter soup organizations/entities within our government).

For anyone who wants to know more about the smaller subsets of our government, and about Trump (and Trump's government) in particular, this is definitely a worthwhile read.
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LibraryThing member featherbear
This book is short and of the moment, so check your local library, as I did. Apparently optioned by the Obamas for a potential Netflix series.

It’s about the transition non-actions of the Trump administration, though Trump himself is only present by his absence; it’s not an insider tell-all like
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the recent books Fire and Fury (Michael Wolf) and Fear: Trump in the Whitehouse (Bob Woodward). Much of the transition for new presidential administrations in the U.S. involves the appointment of leaders for the various federal departments. Based on interviews with department staff, the Trump administration apparently considered this an extremely low priority, partly because of an ideological aversion to “big government,” and partly due to general ignorance about what the departments actually do (perhaps the two are intertwined). The result was that either positions were not filled or filled based on blatant crony capitalism. The ignorance about federal government functions is not unique to the Trump administration; Lewis’s theme is that most Americans have no idea of the extent of big government’s contributions to the welfare of the nation.

Based on my limited reading of Lewis’s oeuvre (Flash Boys & Boomerang: the Meltdown Tour), he gets his themes across through stories, about or told by his interviewees. Lewis sets the stage by recounting Chris Christie’s short-lived experience on the Trump transition team. It’s not hard to see why Putin might have manipulated the election to favor Trump. Trump’s indifference to his responsibilities seems to be a more efficient way to destroy the U.S. government than a thousand sleeper agents.

Lewis interviews government servants who work or worked behind the scenes. There is Max Stirner, instrumental to the implementation of federal laws for transition protocols that Trump and his staff resisted or ignored. There is John MacWilliams, formerly of the DOE (Department of Energy) to introduce the responsibilities of that department that most Americans might be unaware of. The case study of the Hanford nuclear waste site should give you nightmares. Meanwhile, there is a theme introduced by ARPA-E, a research group sponsored by DOE, that does research private capital focused on short term gains is structurally unwilling to finance. As Lewis continues, ARPA-E is an example of a general hostility to scientific evidence that the Trump administration shares with a significant portion of the American citizenry.

We learn through the stories of Kevin Concannon and Kathie Otecki that USDA oversees scientific research, food stamps, and food inspection, which gives Lewis an opening to discuss American attitudes toward food stamp recipients. A recent article in Aeon, The Bad News on Human Nature, in 10 Findings from Psychology has been criticized for cherry-picking to generalize about human nature in general, but a number of points do seem to be relevant to the American situation:

*We view minorities and the vulnerable as less than human
*We believe the downtrodden of the world deserve their fate.
*We are blinkered and dogmatic.
*We are vain and overconfident.
*We are moral hypocrites.
*We are all potential trolls.
*We favor ineffective leaders with psychopathic traits.

Just considering food stamps, agricultural research, and food inspection, it could be argued that USDA saved more American lives than Homeland Security and the U.S. military combined. As a side note, one of the rare Trump appointees, Brian Klippenstein, seems to have been obsessed with eliminating USDA regulations on animal abuse.

Another Trump appointee was Barry Myers (CEO of AccuWeather), a gross example of crony capitalism. Lewis explains how the Department of Commerce is responsible for most things statistical (census, weather). Myers’ efforts before and after the appointment were to undermine the work of the National Weather Service (paid for by the taxpayer). This information was free to the public, but Myers saw it as competition for his commercial weather app, even though the app derives all of its information from the National Weather Service database. Kind of a fox in the henhouse situation.

Appropriately, Lewis ends the book on government research on tornadoes. The fifth risk is chaos, the unpredictable. Unlike hurricanes, where tornadoes will appear seems to be completely random within certain geographical areas of the Midwest. Although Lewis focuses much of his book on risk analysis that can be mathematized by statistics and probability theory, for chaotic puzzles like tornadoes, the best approach seems to be social science-psychological theory – how to convince people to shelter immediately when a tornado is on its way. Unfortunately – consider food stamps – Lewis doesn’t seem to be all that confident that a strategy of psychological persuasion is ever going to be effective with America’s elected leaders or its voters.
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LibraryThing member nmele
Michael Lewis manages to illustrate and explain the most dangerous aspect of the ongoing undermining of our system of government. When people whose priority is self-interest or who are ideological opponents of the public sector, government activities that we take for granted, like the free
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dissemination of accurate weather information, disappear or or transformed into tools of private commercial interests. Lewis does such a good job of describing the damage the Trump Administration is doing using two or three examples that reading this book can be a profoundly depressing experience. On the other hand, Lewis is a truth-teller and explainer; the enlightenment he brings to the question of the role of government and who benefits from its working will provide food for thought and action both.
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LibraryThing member willszal
In “The Fifth Risk,” Michael Lewis grieves the loss of excellence in government.

The United States populace has an interesting relationship with government. Liberals often won’t even fly the American flag, because they see it as synonymous with war and terrorism. And yet conservatives don’t
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like government either, constantly looking for ways to reduce its ability to serve its people.

The United States is also a nation of immigrants, and it is those families that have recently immigrated that often are the best at feeling gratitude for the competence that our government still commands.

The Trump administration is an insurgency. Steve Bannon’s blueprint—to dismantle the United States empire from within the halls of government—has been flourishing.

And yet, for the 4,000 politically appointed officials the Trump administration has had to work with, there are two million government employees. This massive institutional inertia is the only reason our country doesn’t look like Venezuela right now.

Unlike some of Lewis’ other work, this book lacks a strong narrative arc. The stories are interesting, and tangentially-related. The book has some introduction, but lacks any kind of conclusion. I’m not sure Lewis consciously understood he’s in mourning. The title is equally unimpressive.

That said, the stories were fascinating. The United States government has created departments within departments over the years in an organic and often-surprising fashion. Did you know that the Department of Energy maintains our nuclear arsenal (instead of the military)? Did you know that the Obama administration created a Chief Data Scientist, responsible for open-sourcing all non-confidential data?

For all the talk of risk, climate change and food security were only a footnote, disproportionately underrepresented.

In conclusion, this book is fun, short, and sad.
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LibraryThing member strandbooks
I might have to buy a crate of The Fifth Risk to put in all my friend’s hands. It’s non-fiction but a page turner. I started it yesterday and finished it today. It is about the balance between government and private companies. Everything from our weather forecasts, to billions of dollars of
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loans from the govt to rural America small businesses, to cancer immunotherapies the government does a lot in our daily lives. It does R &D the private sector will never do, but had no problem using once developed.
Lewis did a lot of research for this book previously but then the trump administration provided a timely moment when all of a sudden Departments weren’t being filled with appointed leaders. He toured the country asking people in Department of Energy, Agriculture, commerce etc what kept them up at night. Their answers are eye-opening. So many of these departments are only in the news when they have an error, not for everything they do right and programs that make America possible. Many of the people he interviewed have been asked many times to go to the private sector but feel their duty to serve the country. It gives a different outlook than sloths running a bureaucracy that is often the negative stereotype.
As the NYTimes said “I would read an 800-page history of the stapler if Lewis wrote it.”
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LibraryThing member Susan.Macura
My personal tradition on Christmas Eve is to curl up with a scary thriller. There is something about the holiday and being terrified with a fictional tale involving the likes of serial killers. However, this year I went in another direction and read Michael Lewis' newest contribution to the
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literary world. I never expected that this tale would scare me more than any other book that I have read in years. I have followed the growing number of investigations surrounding President Trump - the ties to Russia, the campaign, the transition, his foundation, his business and his taxes - but this book reflects how unprepared the Trump team was to take over the government on Inauguration Day! This is a frightening look at this fact as well as the appointment of people who knew little if anything about the positions they found themselves in. I hate to admit how little I knew about the various cabinet positions and what their real responsibilities are but the people Trump chose to lead them should have known more than I did. Unfortunately, it is obvious that they did not, nor did they exhibit any desire to learn as evidenced by their lack of taking part in any transition meetings as former presidential teams did. I learned a great deal from reading this book, maybe too much, as I am truly terrified by the ignorance of Trump and his staff!
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LibraryThing member 2wonderY
Incredibly easy to read and wonderfully informative.
LibraryThing member nyiper
If nothing else scares you about the current administration, reading this book WILL do the job. I have read several "current" books about what is happening to the government but Michael Lewis does a terrific job of presenting absolutely frightening material in a fascinatingly readable form. It is a
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book that can be read quickly but what it does to your thinking means that actions need to be taken by all of us, soon, to stop the destruction of so many essential parts of the government that we, as the general public, just have not nearly understood enough about or appreciated.
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LibraryThing member labdaddy4
A very quick read, I could have kept reading - fascinating and frightening.
The third chapter where he focused on the Dept of Commerce and the NWS was the most interesting to me. No matter the politics, I fear that the willful ignorance currently in power within our federal government will cause
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harm that might take a long time to reverse.
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LibraryThing member addunn3
The trump adm. has left many dept. of government understaffed or without qualified leadership. Does it matter? Yes. First half is excellent- the second is disjointed and rambling without purpose.
LibraryThing member kcshankd
However bad it is, it is worse than it seems. Just criminal incompetence that we will all pay for a very long time. Elections have consequences. This book will make you furious.
LibraryThing member carolfoisset
Fascinating and terrifying at the same time. Enjoyed the insight to the government agencies - can't believe how little I know about them. Left me wanting to know more, also wondering how they are functioning day to day now that Trump has been in office for 2 years. I now follow NOAA - might as well
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get the info straight from the source!
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LibraryThing member JosephKing6602
Interesting and different perspective on how Trump’s inexperience with government is a potential problem for USA. Fascinating chapter on data scientists & Dept. of Commerce. Highly recommended!
LibraryThing member asxz
Not sure what just happened. I was all set for an anecdote-based breakdown of the transition between administrations and for the first 50 pages it seemed like that’s what I was getting. Then it just ran out of steam. There’s some good stuff in there about the “business” of weather, but
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there’s no coherent theme or thesis being developed here. I’m still not sure what the fifth risk is or who’s running it. Disappointing.
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LibraryThing member Jotto
Lewis briefly describes a number of the people the Trump Administration has put in charge of a number of Government agencies noting the many cases when little effort was made to provide an effective transition. He also provides a number of biographies of the people who were replaced by President
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Trump's appointees. One is given an insight into why a number of key governmental departments are no longer able to function effectively.
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LibraryThing member prichardson
I got through this book in no time at all with mixed feelings of awe for those working hard at the heart of government to better the lives of the American people against the self interest that comes with political appointments. As a Brit I find the transition process that takes place with a new
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president as being utterly fascinating and this book gave some great insights into that process.
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LibraryThing member annbury
Michael Lewis is always a joy to read, but this is a sad book. For many, "the government" is the enemy, a sink of waste and needless activity. Lewis looks instead at some of what the government actually does do, much of which is very valuable indeed, like the weather service. Under the Trump
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Administration, much of the structure of government is eroding, either through neglect or through deliberate action. This increases the chances of an unanticipated accident. Perhaps things can be rebuilt when Trump is gone. The risk, however, is that the danger is permanent.
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LibraryThing member maneekuhi
I was about twenty pages from the end of Michael Lewis’s 219 page “The Fifth Risk” when I realized I had no idea of what the fifth risk was. I knew it had been mentioned early on in the book. I remembered writing down a brief description of each of the five risks because the chapter headings
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and brief descriptions in the text wouldn’t be easy to resurrect later. I believe there’s only three chapters, and their labels didn’t make for a lot of clarity. And there is no index. No index.

The last several pages were all about tornados and NOAA and weather warnings and the numbers of people killed in some of the worst storms. Early on in the book though a theme seemed to deal with the Trump transition and how in many cases the Trump team did not appear at the major agencies to discuss handoff issues until the days leading up to the inauguration, and how in many cases the Trump team was one individual who stayed for only for a few hours, and on at least one occasion only a single hour. But what that had to do with the fifth risk…?

Sprinkled throughout the book though were some rather interesting stories about how some very bright, successful people landed their jobs and managed their careers, including an astronaut and a software developer who established a business helping farmers utilize data that had earlier been stored in a Department of Commerce basement. I think I have that right. Confused? Me too ! Hence the 1 star. At the penultimate page I recalled the fifth risk – people, but I still have no idea what the other four are, nor do I really care.

You might be thinking at this point that this reviewer may be a bit senile. Can’t remember this, can’t remember that. In my defense I must mention that I just finished Andrew Roberts’ 982 page “Churchill”, a five star, and I recall in vivid detail much of the excellent writing in that bookI’ve never read Michael Lewis before. I was aware of him because of “Moneyball” and have had it on my to-read list for a long time. But after “the Fifth Risk” I don’t think I’ll risk anymore Michael Lewis. I just took a glance at some of the blurbs on Amazon for “Risk”. Maybe there’s a halo effect here. I suspect Lewis has written some great stuff in the past, but this isn’t one of them.
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LibraryThing member dickmanikowski
Excellent read with two primary themes: 1) That the Trump Administration was deliberately unprepared to take over the Federal Government operations despite measures that had been laid out to ease the transition; and 2) That the agencies that comprise the Federal Government perform an amazingly
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broad range of critically important functions.
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LibraryThing member novelcommentary
It’s what you fail to imagine that kills you... It is what you never learned that might have saved you. This is the warning and the tag line of Michael Lewis' new book, The Fifth Risk. Lewis does a masterful job of outlining just what some of the departments of the federal government (Energy,
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Agriculture,and Commerce) do and how dedicated the individuals are who devout their extensive knowledge and passion to the operation of these agencies. This highlights the warning of the book by detailing how the new administration showed no interest in the baton passing of the government transition program. Various interviews of accomplished officials revealed how tenuous some of the risks are to our future: nuclear accidents, electrical grid sabotage , and the threats of North Korea and Iran seem logical but the new risk has to do with the fallout if the work of the government is not continued. Lewis contends that the new administration prefers ignorance. "If you want to preserve your personal immunity to the hard problems, it’s better never to really understand those problems,” he writes. “There is an upside to ignorance, and a downside to knowledge. Knowledge makes life messier.” Recommended reading
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LibraryThing member jmoncton
If you think that Trump as president is just an unfortunate episode in US history without any serious long term consequences, then you need to read this book. Michael Lewis does an excellent job describing the transition that is supposed to happen when a new president takes office and the poor
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excuse of what actually did happen when Trump was inaugurated. But this book is not just a rant against Trump, but also a testimony to all the complexities of the US government and the importance of keeping it working with competent administrators. Entertaining and very scary.
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Language

Original publication date

2018-10-02

Physical description

24 cm

ISBN

9780241373545

Barcode

91100000176856

DDC/MDS

973.933
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