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"J.H. "Billy" Williams always had an affinity for animals. So, when he responded to job offer with the East India Company to work with logging elephants his family wasn't surprised, though worried that he had already come back from World War I in one piece, would he be so lucky with India? Not only did he find his calling with the elephants in India, Billy and his elephants became war heroes. At the onset of World War II, Williams formed Elephant Company and was instrumental in defeating the Japanese in Burma and saving refugees, including on his own "Hannibal Trek." Billy Williams became a media sensation during the war, telling reporters that the elephants did more for him than he was ever able to do for them, but his story has since been forgotten. Part biography, part war story, and part wildlife adventure, Croke delivers an utterly charming narrative and an important, little-known piece of the legacy of World War II"--… (more)
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There he was given a job as a supervisor. Without any knowledge of
But he’d always had a fondness for animals and so was especially intrigued by the elephants. He oversaw their routine health problems, instituting more humane ways of caring and training them and putting an end to the cruel practice of shikar where wild elephants were captured and their spirits broken with starvation and abuse.
When WWII erupted, Williams anticipated Burma would be a quiet backwater. Instead, it became a hotly contested battle zone as the Japanese used it as a stepping stone to China, their hated enemy.
Williams convinced the British army that the logging elephants would be of great use – not just as pack animals but in actually building bridges and roads. And as the Japanese realized the elephants’ usefulness, they determined to capture or kill them. The only way out for the elephants and the people under Williams’ command was through rugged unexplored country to India – including over a cliff in a feat never attempted before with elephants. The elephants trusted Williams and he knew them almost like he knew his family. But was such an escape even possible?
Another interesting facet of WWII that was unknown to me.
The most magnificent of them all is Bandoola, and Billy's strongest tie is to their "uzi", or keeper, Po Toke.
In one of the most amazing scenes of this adventurous tale, Billy meets Susan, his wife-to-be and another Brit, at a clearing in the jungle. One would have to believe that a jungle spirit was responsible for this felicitous match.
World War II encroaches upon this remote paradise and the Japanese rampage upon the land and the elephants. And therein lies what makes the reader hold his/her breath for the last forty pages of this riveting work of genius. Not to be missed, even if you were not a big fan of elephants, as I never was, until now. Thank you, Vicki Croke, for the drama and the education.
”Williams had witnessed a life among the elephants that would be hard for those outside to fathom—in fact, he reported behaviors that many would not believe until they were validated decades later by biologists in the field. He had seen these creatures thoughtfully solve problems, use tools, protect one another, express joy and humor, stand up for something more important than their own safety, and even, perhaps, comprehend the concept of death. There was a largeness to them that was about more than their physical size, a quality triggered especially when their sense of decency or outrage was provoked.
Could one really call it decency? Williams thought so. Courage defined them, He had witness their bravery—mothers defending babies, tuskers squaring off against each other, closely bonded females running toward danger, not away, to protect one another.
These were simple lessons from the animals, like how to be content with what he had. And there were more complex ones, too: the realization, for instance that trust requires much more than affection; it depends on mutual confidence—strength, not niceness. Or that sometimes it’s not necessary to know what elephants or people are thinking, as long as one honors what they are feeling.”
Croke explains the differences between African and Asian elephants, in size and temperament, and gets into details about living in the plains and mountains of Burma. Details of early teak harvesting are both sad and fascinating. It takes two or three years to harvest a tree, and “it could take anywhere from five to twenty years for a log to become a milled plank.” Demand for teak, a hard wood resistant to insects and weather damage increased exponentially in the first part of the 20th century, from “sixty-three thousand tons of teak a year in the late 1800s to more than five hundred thousand tons annually in Williams’s early years.” Additionally we learn that “a teak forest 10,000 square miles in extent may be capable of producing only seven or eight thousand trees a year.”
Living as a teak forester sounds formidable, and lonely. The hardship of the sheeting rain of the monsoon and the isolation of the jungle life would keep most folks away, but Billy Williams had the consolation of working with the world’s largest land animals. Williams suffered innumerable bouts of malaria and other illnesses that nearly took him out, but he soldiered on without complaint and once recovered, raced back to his post and his elephants.
The only thing that keeps this from being the best book I have ever read is the section on Williams’ involvement in WWII as it played out in Burma. Undoubtedly the Japanese had a strategy for domination that included rustling about in the jungles of Burma, but somehow that did not make any sense to me. No book can answer every question, but if the author makes the reader interested enough to seek out more information as a result of their reading, the book can be called a success. In this way, Croke's work makes one wish to know more. Many of us are more familiar than we’d like to be with the European theatre, but the war in Asia deserved a few sentences of intent and context.
Once Croke began to talk about the war, the map of Burma given after the Introduction seemed too thinly marked. I could not find the locations she spoke of in terms of troop movements and distances became unclear. Details about the elephants’ involvement in bridge building required more than Williams’ diary would have provided. I understand the difficulties she must have encountered, but I would have preferred, then, not to have the title so focused on the participation of elephants in WWII. It was neither the most interesting nor the most complete section of the narrative.
In any case, the elephants were involved in at least two long distance treks carrying refugees across vast distances and through difficult terrain, forgoing their usual regime of being river-washed and set free each night to forage and rest. Despite all the hardships of teak work and war, they made the best of their situation and came through when called upon for help. Williams himself earned commendation for his war effort which included mustering and handling the elephants behind enemy lines and we know from his own writings how much credit he gave the animals in his care, especially one exceptional bull called Bandoola, whom he loved.
The resurrection of this riveting account of elephant teak and war work in Burma is due entirely to the research and attention of Vicki Croke, whose fluency makes the narrative absorbing. She has a sensitivity regarding animal and human behaviors that seems exceptionally perceptive. Despite my quibbles about the final third of the book, the story is packed with detail and photos of early teak work in Burma and is definitely one of the best books of my year. This extraordinary nonfiction title is well worth the investment to locate and read a copy and would be a great book to gift someone for the upcoming holiday season.
Jim “Elephant Bill” Williams was a veteran of World War I when he went to colonial Burma in 1920 to work as a “forest man” for a British teak company. He was immediately fascinated by
The subtitle really intrigued me and I was eager to read about this particular episode, but the author gives us more than 200 pages of background before we get to World War II and the vital role Williams and his elephants played in the fight against the Japanese. Admittedly all that background was interesting and helped to explain the extraordinary relationship Williams had with these animals and their riders. His respect for and loyalty to them was returned in kind, making him an exemplary leader.
Croke did extensive research. In addition to the memoirs written by Williams, she was able to access a treasure trove of personal papers kept by Williams’ children and other descendants of key people. I read all the notes following the main text, they were so interesting.
He expected to enjoy working with the elephants; in fact, he fell in love with them. Over the next twenty years, Williams made himself a first class expert on elephants, their handling, their care, their medical treatment.
In the forests of Burma, there was no veterinary care except what he and the other elephant men could provide themselves. Williams became an advocate for their humane treatment, even establishing an "elephant school" and an "elephant hospital" to provide both more humane and effective training, and better care for elephants that were seriously injured. We also follow Williams' personal growth, his eventual marriage, and the births of three children.
And then World War II started.
Williams takes his teak industry elephants, including Bandoola, the big male whom he is closest to, and transforms them into Elephant Company 1, for the British Army in Burma.
Williams, his Burman and British colleagues, and the elephants themselves make fascinating characters. Much of what Williams learns about elephants by practical experience, observation, and sensitivity while living and working in close quarters with them for years, would only be confirmed and explained by science decades later.
Not all the drama is elephant-related. Over the decades of his career, Williams also encountered and coped with issues of British colonialism and how it affected the men he worked with and their families. The complex and sometimes strained relationship between Williams and Po Toke, the man who trained Bandoola and pioneered many of the ideas that Williams worked to advance regarding the training and handling of elephants, is compelling in itself.
This is a truly absorbing slice of history. Highly recommended.
I received a free electronic galley of this book from the publisher via NetGalley.
The subtitle of the book talks about WWII, but that was only about the last 1/3 of the book, and not my main interest in the book, though it was a pretty amazing story in itself! I loved learning about the elephants and reading about the incredible things they do. Billy, himself, I found interesting, as well, and loved that he was in favour of training the elephants with positive reinforcement. Hard enough to read of the working animals (not there by their own choice), but Billy’s way with them made it better. He also opened “hospitals” for the elephants. The book had photos interspersed, and the notes at the end were actually really interesting – there were quite a few good tidbits and stories added in there.
Though Elephant Bill (as he was dubbed) was nurtured in a time of British
James Howard Williams was a man whose thoughts included:
“. . . big game hunting was a product of fear, not courage”
“The more I saw of men … the better I liked my elephants.”
“When someone else in the village tried to extort money from Williams over damaged banana trees, he felt it was a sure sign they were reentering civilization.”
“. . . correspondents of the time touted what Williams did to help elephants. But Williams thought they’d gotten it backward. It was the elephants who had helped him.”
It is an amazing story of courage and caring by both man and elephant, that eclipses the trivialness of many other books. Needless to say, it also exemplifies humankind's nature which has led us to the environmental crisis we are compounding.
A very moving and yet educational biography of one man, one elephant, and a kind of life obliterated by war and the passage of time referred to as progress. Learn about Burma
Simon Pebble is perfect as narrator.
The book also highlights the
I could say so much more about this book, Williams time in the war, and he and his animals part in the new wars. The Uzi's and how they kept track of their animals, the daily inspections, Williams learning curve in the Burmese language and in all things elephant. An amazing book, which I whole heartedly recommend.