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Available
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Publication
Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp
Description
Incorporating significant editorial changes from earlier editions,the fourth edition of Ludwig Wittgenstein's PhilosophicalInvestigations is the definitive en face German-Englishversion of the most important work of 20th-century philosophy The extensively revised English translation incorporates manyhundreds of changes to Anscombe?s original translation Footnoted remarks in the earlier editions have now beenrelocated in the text What was previously referred to as ?Part 2? is nowrepublished as Philosophy of Psychology ? A Fragment,and all the remarks in it are numbered for ease of reference New detailed editorial endnotes explain decisions oftranslators and identify references and allusions in Wittgenstein'soriginal text Now features new essays on the history of the PhilosophicalInvestigations, and the problems of translatingWittgenstein?s text… (more)
Media reviews
Ludwig Wittgensteins Filosofiske undersøkelser er et av de mest banebrytende filosofiske verk fra det tjuende århundre. Hans bidrag til den analytiske og lingvistiske filosofien er uten sidestykke. Man tar neppe munnen for full ved å påstå at nærmest all moderne filosofi forholder seg til
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Wittgensteins arbeider - selv om ikke alle er seg påvirkningen like bevisst. Denne litterær-filosofiske perlen vil garantert få leseren til å se på språkets sammenheng med nye øyne.
"Filosofiens resultater består i avsløringen av et og annet eksempel på regulær nonsens og av de kulene som forstanden har skaffet seg ved å renne hodet mot språkets grense. På kulene kan vi avlese avsløringens verdi."
Fra Filosofiske undersøkelser
Filosofiske undersøkelser ble utgitt posthumt i 1953, og består hovedsakelig av tekster Wittgenstein skrev i perioden 1936-49. Tekstene representerer et radikalt brudd med hans tidlige verk, Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, både på stil- og innholdsplanet. Mens han i Tractatus var ute etter å bevise, er han nå opptatt av å beskrive.
Gjennom en rekke løsrevne tekstbrokker bruker Wittgenstein metaforer og analogier i sitt forsøk på å vise hvordan språket virker i praksis. Disse undersøkelsene gir den filosofiske teksten et særegent, underlig og fremfor alt litterært preg. Derfor skiller verket seg også ut fra mer typiske filosofiske verker, som ofte rommer mye dogmatisme mellom permene. Filosofi, hevder Wittgenstein, er ikke annet enn et forsøk på å løse problemer som oppstår som et resultat av ordenes uklare mening. Nøkkelen til å løse disse problemene ligger i språkanalysen, og i en riktig bruk av språket. Wittgenstein lanserer begrepene "språkspill" og "regelfølging" for å beskrive noen av de tankemønstrene han forfekter i Filosofiske undersøkelser. "Et ords mening er dets anvendelse i språkspillet", er en setning som konkretiserer Wittgensteins filosofi.
Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein (1889-1951) var en karismatisk og gåtefull person, og han er like myteomspunnet i dag som han var da han levde. Han ble født inn i en stor og holden familie i Wien som den yngste av åtte søsken, og fikk en kulturelt stimulerende oppvekst. Wittgenstein studerte først mekanikk i Berlin, noe som førte til en interesse for matematikk, og siden filosofi. Matematikeren og filosofen Gottlob Frege anbefalte den unge Wittgenstein å studere i Cambridge, hvor Bertrand Russell foreleste. Etter hvert konsentrerte han seg om logikk, og i 1922 ble det første av hans to hovedverk publisert med hjelp fra Russell; nemlig Tractatus.
Etter utgivelsen bestemte Wittgenstein seg for ikke å beskjeftige seg mer med filosofi. Han reiste tilbake til Østerrike, hvor han ble lærer i grunnskolen. I 1929 dro han imidlertid tilbake til Cambridge for å forelese ved Trinity College, og for å gjenoppta sitt virke som filosof. Der var han professor i filosofi fra 1939 til 1947, da han trakk seg fra stillingen for å konsentrere seg om å skrive. Innen 1949 hadde han skrevet det som senere ble til Filosofiske undersøkelser, hans andre hovedverk. De siste to årene av sitt liv tilbrakte han i henholdsvis Wien, Oxford og Cambridge, hvor han fortsatte å skrive inntil han døde av prostatakreft i 1951.
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User reviews
LibraryThing member Landric
Although less dominant now than when I was a student, Ludwig Wittgenstein's thoughts from the "Tractatus" to the "Untersuchungen" influence all my philosophical thinking. As a student I could only afford the English translation of the 2nd edn and it is now a much worn volume, and I was delighted to
It is a book that can be read in three ways. Sometimes I will read it from cover to cover. Other times one can read just a group of sections on a specific topic, say the rules for use being the meaning of a word. Lastly I can light my pipe, sit by the fire and read a few sections at random - it always generates new ideas. In this it has an unexpected affinity with a volume of poems.
Wittgenstein is not everybody's cup of tea, but he is mine, and if one is open-minded, this work, along with the Tractatus and the Remarks on Mathematics, has something to offer to all.
By the way, although LibraryThing classifies this work as German philodophy, Wittgenstein, like several Logical Positivists, was an Austrian.
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buy this new 3rd edition. Even 'though it represents the second revision of Elizabeth Anscombe's thoughts on the German text, it is good to be able to compare her version with the original German.It is a book that can be read in three ways. Sometimes I will read it from cover to cover. Other times one can read just a group of sections on a specific topic, say the rules for use being the meaning of a word. Lastly I can light my pipe, sit by the fire and read a few sections at random - it always generates new ideas. In this it has an unexpected affinity with a volume of poems.
Wittgenstein is not everybody's cup of tea, but he is mine, and if one is open-minded, this work, along with the Tractatus and the Remarks on Mathematics, has something to offer to all.
By the way, although LibraryThing classifies this work as German philodophy, Wittgenstein, like several Logical Positivists, was an Austrian.
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LibraryThing member agricolaoval
This is one of the books I read again and again. I never grow tired of the brilliant analysis of the potentials and the limitations of any language. His arguments seem to apply equally well to human languages, to animal languages and to robot languages. I like his way of debunking most of the
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traditional philosophic lingo while discussing the central issues of philosophy. He demonstrates the superiority of the simple words over the convoluted crap most academics seem to love. Seeing the force of the simple words is totally exhilirating. Another great thing about the treatise is the insight that language is something evolution has given us as a bunch of tools crafted to help us out in different situations. That means language is not a consistent logical system. It is fragmented, and its various bits and pieces are governed by different logics. Even if this insight seems rather obvious it is a surprisingly efficient tool to eliminate a whole lot of paradoxes and dilemmas that are simply the effect of us using the logic of one compartment of language in another compartment where it does not apply. Refreshing as an early morning in March. Show Less
LibraryThing member billmcn
In one ear and out the other. Each individual paragraph is quite lucid, but I can never keep enough of them in my head at once to follow the thread of the argument. Still, unlike a lot of elusive philosophical writers, Wittgenstein leaves me believing that there is something there. I will probably
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never have the time to excavate it, but from me he gets the benefit of the doubt. Show Less
LibraryThing member jwhenderson
I found this book powerful when I first read it because I had just read the Tractatus and the contrast was challenged my mind. As I read the Investigations I questioned Wittgenstein's method, to the extent I understood it. This is worth returning to and thinking about over a long period of time.
LibraryThing member Paul_S
I'll be honest, I just don't understand what the author wants to convince me of, if anything.
LibraryThing member jwhenderson
With Wittgenstein there is a concern with the actual use of language – what is the problem and how we can illuminate/imagine a method for going forward. It is among other things a process. Observation precedes explanation and may yield only a description of the reality of a particular situation.
What is the process of trying to understand what it means to know something? Is there any conflict within a language game? There may be infinite variations in our everyday experiences; if so, how can we reach a resolution or should we seek that as a useful goal?
We should consider the use of comparison and noticing similarities. Sometimes that may bring insight. However the text often provides an invitation to enter into a dialog about the meaning of life and how one might understand the proper end of one's life. (language and dialog)
I am reminded of “the search” --- “What is the nature of the search . . . The search is what anyone would undertake if he were not sunk in the everydayness of his own life.” - Walker Percy
That is we are not looking for philosophical statements but the reality of what is here in everyday language. One wonders if this is a method for escaping the “everydayness” of life and the seeming incongruity of such a process? (117) One key for escaping the everydayness of life is recognizing the situation of a “fish out of water” and thinking in a way that you may become just that.
Our imagination may be a tool that allows recognition of just such a situation. (129) I personally am intrigued by the effect on my imagination of listening to music – different effects result from different types of music (Liszt or Ligeti). Whatever the means you may choose it is important to realize that language can do many things if we only look at the way we use words. We should aim to see clearly if possible. (Observation)
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(109) That means we should try to understand that Wittgenstein's own philosophical activity is like bringing words back to regular use (out/above/below the realm of “metaphysics”).What is the process of trying to understand what it means to know something? Is there any conflict within a language game? There may be infinite variations in our everyday experiences; if so, how can we reach a resolution or should we seek that as a useful goal?
We should consider the use of comparison and noticing similarities. Sometimes that may bring insight. However the text often provides an invitation to enter into a dialog about the meaning of life and how one might understand the proper end of one's life. (language and dialog)
I am reminded of “the search” --- “What is the nature of the search . . . The search is what anyone would undertake if he were not sunk in the everydayness of his own life.” - Walker Percy
That is we are not looking for philosophical statements but the reality of what is here in everyday language. One wonders if this is a method for escaping the “everydayness” of life and the seeming incongruity of such a process? (117) One key for escaping the everydayness of life is recognizing the situation of a “fish out of water” and thinking in a way that you may become just that.
Our imagination may be a tool that allows recognition of just such a situation. (129) I personally am intrigued by the effect on my imagination of listening to music – different effects result from different types of music (Liszt or Ligeti). Whatever the means you may choose it is important to realize that language can do many things if we only look at the way we use words. We should aim to see clearly if possible. (Observation)
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Subjects
Awards
Language
Original publication date
1953
1958 (2nd ed.)
2003 (3rd ed.)
2009 (revised 4th ed.)
ISBN
9783518223727