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"The Spanish flu of 1918-1920 was one of the greatest human disasters of all time. It infected a third of the people on Earth--from the poorest immigrants of New York City to the king of Spain, Franz Kafka, Mahatma Gandhi and Woodrow Wilson. But despite a death toll of between 50 and 100 million people, it exists in our memory as an afterthought to World War I. In this gripping narrative history, Laura Spinney traces the overlooked pandemic to reveal how the virus traveled across the globe, exposing mankind's vulnerability and putting our ingenuity to the test. As socially significant as both world wars, the Spanish flu dramatically disrupted--and often permanently altered--global politics, race relations and family structures, while spurring innovation in medicine, religion and the arts. It was partly responsible, Spinney argues, for pushing India to independence, South Africa to apartheid and Switzerland to the brink of civil war. It also created the true "lost generation." Drawing on the latest research in history, virology, epidemiology, psychology and economics, Pale Rider masterfully recounts the little-known catastrophe that forever changed humanity"--Amazon.… (more)
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Impressive body of work. Much more comprehensive yet detailed than any other writings on this subject that I have read, it is not just a statistical report but a compilation of information gleaned
I have the audio interpreted by Paul Hodgson who was truly remarkable.
Laura traces the history of the Flu; she talks about various pandemics that have affected us humans and then gives us an idea
Her descriptions of the Flu are graphic, without being obscene. She strikes a delicate balance between the science and the storytelling aspect of the Spanish Flu.
The book is readable. I learned a lot, and I am glad that I picked it up.
I recommend this book to anyone starting on the journey of understanding how pandemics take place, and for anyone who wants an understanding of how they can move to humans from animals.
This wasn't a "COVID confinement" pick - this had been on my shelf for a few months as i've always been interested in how such a massive event seems to have been lost to popular culture. A century on the Great War looms large in culture; during my youth it wasn't unusual to meet people who had fought in it, but the flu was never mentioned. And yet, even if this wasn't obvious at the time, the devastation from the flu was much worse. Why, relatively speaking, does it seem to have been forgotten?
Spinney sets out to answer this question, to understand its origins, to understand why we as a species are more, rather than less vulnerable than we have been in the past, to understand chains of infections, as well as the social, political and cultural implications of this disease, and pandemics in general. Its very good - for the general reader, this really is all you need to know about the Spanish flu and it contains lessons for the current period too, particularly around second and third waves of infection.
Minus half a star as I think the cultural implications could have been gone into in more detail - for example the rise of mass sport in the 1920s which people attended in huge numbers, presumably with no fear of infection. How did that confidence emerge? But otherwise excellent
The angle that captivated me - and probably most other readers during the past few months - is the sense of history repeating: 'What the Spanish flu taught us, in essence, is that another flu pandemic is inevitable, but whether it kills 10 million or 100 million will be determined by the world into which it emerges.' The author really, really needs to update her book, in light of 2020's coronavirus pandemic! The Spanish 'flu was far more horrific and deadly than Covid-19, however. The virus, which 'killed 50–100 million people, or between 2.5 and 5 per cent of the global population', filled the lungs with fluid, starving the body of oxygen until those afflicted turned blue, and then black, before dying within a few days. Obviously, Covid-19 is no picnic, but my mouth was hanging open while reading those scary symptoms! There is also some debate about where the 'flu originated - either the US (Patient Zero is thought to have been a mess cook in a military camp in Kansas), France or (inevitably) China, anywhere but Spain - and the exact number of casualties will never be known, but the impact is beyond doubt, and should be a lesson to everyone flouting current restrictions:
An epidemic will run its course and vanish on its own, without intervention, but measures that reduce that density – collectively called ‘social distancing’ – can both bring it to an end sooner, and reduce the number of casualties.
Fascinating and meandering in equal parts, Pale Rider is definitely worth a read, but I would recommend borrowing a copy from the library rather than buying your own, even at a discount!
Overall, I can't say it was quite what I was hoping for in a book on this subject. Spinney tries to take a truly global approach, which is good. But I think she dwells a little too much on random details at times when I would have preferred a clearer sense of the bigger picture. And her brief attempt to analyze the impact of the pandemic on art and literature is just odd, as it seems to be based on nothing but the thinnest excuse for speculation. The sections on our medical understanding of the virus, then and now, are good, though, very clear and informative.
And I did find it interesting enough, overall. If nothing else, it's done a very good job of bringing home to me just how staggering a toll this disease took. Which maybe seems like it could be something of a comfort at the moment -- hey, look, it could be worse! -- but is mostly just terrifying, really.
Germ theory was still new, and unlike bacteria, as shown by Koch and Pasteur, viruses can't be "grown" in a dish nor seen under a microscope. Even in developed countries, the parallels to today's COV-19 reaction cannot be missed. The arguments that authorities "exaggerate" the danger, or the disease "merely" kills the elderly or vaccines violate people's rights will sound familiar, and obviously with dire consequences. Even in 1918, local and federal governments argues the use of quarantine vs cordoning vs. masks vs large gatherings. "...the demands of national security, a thriving economy and public health are rarely aligned." The author points out that, with the rise of eugenics, public health campaigns in the 19th c. often targeted marginalized groups. When in reality, the underlying problem was overcrowding in city tenements, and immigrants acquired most of their health problems after they arrived not before.
There were three waves of the influenza pandemic, but the August 1918 wave was the deadliest. The author describes heliotrope cyanosis in detail, but some did not exhibit any symptoms, would mingle about the general public and very much like the Black Death, suddenly drop dead. One side effect was permanent discolored vision, resulting in a forever "washed out" view. Each country has its own dark story, not all of them following the same pattern of government or public reaction, which is important in contextualizing the pandemic.Overall great read and there's so much information packed into this 300-page book.
The author wove facts and figures with human interest "dives" into individual stories, which I also liked.
The parallels
This book shows why history matters. And leaves me somewhat frustrated that the world was not better prepared to deal with the current pandemic. I hope someone does a similar analysis of COVID 19 when sufficient time has passed.
The Publisher Says: With a death toll of between 50 and 100 million people and a global reach, the Spanish flu of 1918–1920 was the greatest human disaster, not only of the twentieth century, but possibly in all of recorded history. And yet, in our popular conception it exists
In Pale Rider, Laura Spinney recounts the story of an overlooked pandemic, tracing it from Alaska to Brazil, from Persia to Spain, and from South Africa to Odessa. She shows how the pandemic was shaped by the interaction of a virus and the humans it encountered; and how this devastating natural experiment put both the ingenuity and the vulnerability of humans to the test.
Laura Spinney writes that the Spanish flu was as significant—if not more so—as two world wars in shaping the modern world; in disrupting, and often permanently altering, global politics, race relations, family structures, and thinking across medicine, religion and the arts.
I spent $1.99 on Kindlesale. It makes me mad that I can't get it back.
My Review: I bought into the author's justification for not making the book one linear, beginning-middle-end story. The social parts and the science parts are very different and they interacted but were never remotely in sync, so trying to stay purely chronological sounds like a bad plan.
What I got instead was borderline incoherent, with paragraph-by-paragraph switches among authorial opinions, statements of fact unsupported by citations, and stodgy-wodgy bits of statistical stuff. This tiger of a topic was less ridden by the author than it rode the author. I felt frazzled by the time I realized I was not going to have a better experience later on...I flipped through some random spots and found that I was getting the same structure.
Not what I want, or what I will accept, from narrative non-fiction.
If I had not been reading this for a book club, I would not have finished it. I picked it up with some trepidation. Having just lived through two years of pandemic and sitting at what might be near the end or the beginning of a new wave, I was reluctant to read something that would draw parallels in my mind and have to discuss it. Thankfully, the first 100 pages or so was a fast read and though she described the flu symptoms and experiences around the world, I was not bogged down by memories of 2020.
Unfortunately, from there it becomes a disorganized slog. Though she tries to explain in the introduction why a linear narrative wouldn't work, I truly believe she would have been better served by a linear narrative. For example, though she briefly touches on the potential start of the pandemic, primarily talking about the name of the flu and why "Spanish" really isn't correct, she doesn't really address it until about halfway through the book when she spends a whole chapter explaining why it could have started in the U.S., China, or Germany. Spinney clearly has done a lot of research, and her narrative suffered, I think, in that she expects her readers to have more of a baseline knowledge of the 1918-19 pandemic than I did. Making discrete chapters out of the search for patient zero, scientific experiments, animals that can pass the flu, and more meant a lot of going back and forth in time and I didn't have a clear timeline to keep it all straight. And finally "how it changed the world" was a tall order that the book doesn't live up to. The final chapters really try to make the argument, but the strongest correlations are not causations, and there are a lot of "mights" and real stretches in politics and literature in particular.
It provides a logical, well-structured discussion of the science behind viruses, germ theory, genetics, disease transmission, and what was (and was not) known in 1918. It speaks of the three waves of the virus, and how they were staggered in the northern and southern hemispheres. It calls attention to the fact that viruses mutate – this is a normal progression and should not be considered surprising or alarming.
Content includes the importance of detection, tracking the spread, and compliance with safety measures (masks, limits on mass gatherings, social distancing, vaccinations). There is a decent discussion of how flu can originate in animals and be transmitted to humans (bird, horses, ferrets). The importance of attaining herd immunity is stressed.
I appreciate Spinney’s analysis, which is based upon a detailed review of historical and scientific documentation. It includes anecdotes from people around the world – Australia, Brazil, China, UK, US, Persia, Russia, Samoa, Spain, South Africa, Vanuatu, just to name a few. It outlines the groundwork being done in the scientific community to study these viruses and enable vaccines to be developed more quickly. This book is a great example of how we can learn from what has transpired in the past.
I have an interest in both science and history, so I found it engaging. It is remarkable that the fallout we have seen in terms of social, cultural, political, and information delivery can all be correlated to what happened in 1918, but on a different scale due to less scientific knowledge and technological development. I think it is a good idea to read about influenza and pandemics in order to gain an understanding of the facts.
Very readable, but sometimes wandered a bit from the topic to explore little tidbits of history that didn’t have much to do with the flu.