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In The Marquise of O-, a virtuous widow finds herself unaccountably pregnant. And although the baffled Marquise has no idea when this happened, she must prove her innocence to her doubting family and discover whether the perpetrator is an assailant or lover. Michael Kohlhaas depicts an honourable man who feels compelled to violate the law in his search for justice, while other tales explore the singular realm of the uncanny, such as The Beggarwoman of Locarno, in which an old woman's ghost drives a heartless nobleman to madness, and St Cecilia, which portrays four brothers possessed by an uncontrollable religious mania. The stories collected in this volume reflect the preoccupations of Heinrich von Kleist (1777-1811) with the deceptiveness of human nature and the unpredictability of the physical world.… (more)
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The title story seems to beg a Freudian interpretation. The Marquise finds herself pregnant with no way to account for it. Readers know that she was raped by Count F, who she believes saved her from rampaging soldiers in an attack on their castle. The event, like names and places, is represented by a dash - as if the author is telling a true story but has to conceal facts for propriety. The dash allows for several interpretations - she was unconscious when it happened, she knew she was raped but is in denial, or she was a willing participant and in shame 'forgot' it. Her house is well guarded but when the Count returns, he enters in the back through an unlocked gate - Freudian unconscious desire? He also has a rather obvious dream of her as a swan that he throws mud at. Her relationship with her father - especially one slightly disturbing extended scene - has strong incestuous overtones. Despite all the drama, there's a -sort of?- happy ending.
'The Earthquake in Chile' is about the blindness of fate as lovers jailed for their affair, and about to be executed, are freed when the earthquake strikes. However, the aftermath brings goodwill and friendship as well as virulent hatred.
'Michael Kohlhaas' is the longest and starts when a happy, moral, well-off horse trader is tricked out of money, his horses abused and his groom injured by some minor gentry. His search for justice - which veers into violent revenge at points - makes up the rest of the story.
'The Duel' has a rather unusable moral - murderer Jakob Rotbart claims to have been with virtuous Littegarde, so her friend Friedrich fights a duel for her honor. Rotbart supposedly wins, but Friedrich heals from his major wounds while a small cut he made to Rotbart becomes life threatening. Since the duel is God's way of deciding who's right, Friedrich actually wins, but that can't always happen.
'The Foundling' is heavy on the melodrama has has seemingly supernatural events without actually having any (unlike the stories 'The Beggarwoman of Lacorno' and 'St Cecilia'). Nicolo is an orphan taken in by Piachi and his young wife Elvira. His similarity to a man from Elvira's past brings about confusion and opportunities for evil.
A diverse array of stories but they tend to be psychological and fantastic in nature.
In "The Foundling" Elvira renounces life by marrying an old man, Piachi. There are many secrets and it ends in catastrophe.
In the title story "Marquise of O." a widowed noblewoman becomes mysteriously pregnant, and she advertises in the newspapers for the unknown father. Though the premise is confusing, even disturbing, it starts so nonchalantly: "...a lady of unblemished reputation and the mother of several well-bred children, published the following notice in the newspapers: that, without her knowing how, she was in the family way; that she would like the father of the child she was going to bear to report himself ..."
These stories are excellent. Kleist is also known to have paved the way for Kafka, even though the two lived a century apart.
Yes, I see the literary skills embodied by
But....
Von Kleist's style is very proto-modernist: his paragraphs run on for pages with no apparent reason for when they begin and when they end; his pacing is subjectively approached rather than objectively obsessed; and he often begins his stories by telling his reader the endings.
Absurdism runs rampant through these pieces. The title story involves a widowed Marquise who takes out an advertisement in the newspaper, searching for the man who apparently—although she has no memory of this—impregnated her. This kind of illogical and paradoxical situation is at the heart of most of von Kleist's work: "The Earthquake in Chile" turns an exiled pair of lovers into heroic figures in an apocalyptic setting ruled by no seeming authority; however, von Kleist seems to suggest that the imposing orders of the church and the law are so pervasive in their hold on mankind that mankind wreaks the same violence if left with no punitive action from high above.
This is also the case in "Michael Kohlhaas" where the protagonist takes the law into his own hands after repeated attempts to bring legal action against a man who is terrorizing the community. This kind of Kafkaesque critique of the law is also carried out to the extreme limits of surrealism, rendering reality as nightmarish in much the same way Kafka would do later. Of the shorter pieces collected here, "The Foundling" is the strongest and seems to speak to the same examination of reality versus fantasy in Hoffmann's "The Sandman." However, it is in the longer tales that von Kleist is able to enlarge his canvas and allow his oddly distorted syntax and phrasing to loop in and out of sense and nonsense most elegantly.