Status
Call number
Publication
Description
The Red Army had much to avenge when it finally reached the frontiers of the Third Reich in January 1945. Frenzied by their terrible experiences with Wehrmacht and SS brutality, they wreaked havoc-tanks crushing refugee columns, mass rape, pillage, and unimaginable destruction. Hundreds of thousands of women are children froze to death or were massacred; more than seven million fled westward from the fury of the Red Army. It was the most terrifying example of fire and sword ever known. Antony Beevor has reconstructed the experiences of those millions caught up in the nightmare of the Third Reich's final collapse. The Fall of Berlin is a terrible story of pride, stupidity, fanaticism, revenge, and savagery, yet it is also one of astonishing endurance, self-sacrifice, and survival against all odds.… (more)
Media reviews
User reviews
"...sown the wind, and now they are harvesting the whirlwind."
The overwhelming sense is one of 'total war'. Nevertheless, his approach is one that manages to keep the facts clear and uncluttered, and the potentially complicated maneuverings of multiple military units are brought across to the reader without confusion. The book also succeeds in that it gives the reader a good impression of the human aspects of the conflict.
The research for this book must have been a labour of love of sorts, as the amount of detail imparted from such a wide variety of first-class primary sources is very impressive. From the archives of the former Soviet Union and the two Germanies, as well as those of British, US, French, Swedish and countless other origins, the author manages to convey with complete authenticity the experiences of those involved at every conceivable level of the 20th century's defining event.
The use of source material - a combination of diaries, letters to or from the front, memoirs written at a distance of years, interviews during PoW interrogations - is highly effective at getting across the sheer size and impact of the whole conflict in Europe. We hear the voices of individual 'normal' people (peasants, conscripts, the urban poor and the middle classes alike) as frequently as those of the generals, politicians, or the privileged few. Writers and journalists such as Vassily Grossman are often reporting from the front (or sometimes more interestingly from just behind the front). At once you are in the icy trenches or the firing positions with the Soviets' 1st Guards Tank Army, the next you are in the operations room of an opposing German Panzer division, or a retreating SS regiment.
The reader has the dubious privilege of being privy to the Machiavellian orchestrations of Stalin and Beria, as they play off the competing rivalries of Generals Zhukov and Koniyev against each other for both egotistical and self-serving strategic reasons; as well of course as the persistent mutual mistrusts of the Red Army's front line units with those of the party's NKVD political detachments. I had not previously been quite so aware either of quite how much contempt Stalin had for his leading generals, and how despicably he wouldn't hesitate to treat them when he considered it politically expedient to. Obviously he shares this odious trait (along with countless others) with his opposite number in Berlin.
Similarly, the chaos and mayhem afoot in the various German organisations: of the Reich, the Nazi Party, the SS, and the different branches of the armed forces becomes clear. The disorder and sense of an empire collapsing all around, while Hitler fiddles in his 'Fuhrerbunker' is at once both a fascinating and grimly captivating thing to behold. I found myself wondering quite what Uncle Dolfi (as the Goebbels children called their leader) thought to himself as he sat in his quarters, resting between blood vessel bursting fits of temper at the daily strategic conferences, staring at his favourite portrait of Frederick the Great...
Less frequently we are kept reminded that this is indeed a world at war, and the picture will momentarily broaden to include aspects of the various alliances and the varying degrees of cooperation or sometimes non-cooperation. The ever-present paranoia on the part of Stalin towards Roosevelt and particularly Churchill becomes an increasingly noticeable element in the story of the race to Berlin's conquest. Nevertheless, the story of the western allies' advance across the Rhine and into the heart of Germany is referenced when relevant to the narrative. The roots of the looming Cold War face-off between the western allies and the Soviets are clearly visible here. The grisly downfall unfolds in more or less chronological order as the chapters rotate from one aspect of the conflict to the next.
The now well documented horrors of the Nazi Holocaust are not a central theme in this book, as it is more a case of the different camps' liberations being acknowledged in the narrative as they occur during the course of the Germans' hasty and destructive withdrawal from the advancing armies. The book is certainly not for the fainthearted though as there are necessarily countless and almost relentless accounts of the many horrors conducted by all sides in this war - in particular the many atrocities towards the civilian populations by the Red Army. (The German forces had of course "sown their wind" as they Blitzkrieged their way across the continent between 1939 and 1942, to say nothing of their monstrous racial atrocities.) Beevor tackles the subject of rape by Soviet soldiers head on. He notes that the victims were not restricted to German women, but that many Soviet or Polish citizens, including former concentration and prison camp inmates (some Jewish survivors among them too), were also brutally attacked. He actually defines four distinct stages of this most awful of crimes: The first when the initial wave of advancing soldiers occupies a civilian area; the second when the vanguard moves on and the following wave of combat units arrives (often the most indiscriminate and horrific of the phases); the third and fourth stages as with the war's end, the horrors of survival for some women in post-Nazi Germany include committing themselves to the 'protection' of one particular Red Army soldier or other. Certainly not easy subject matter at all, and not without academic controversy either, but I think that Beevor covers the subject as sensitively as could be reasonably expected.
I listened to the audiobook edition, read superbly by British actor Sean Barrett. His voice is somewhere between Olivier (think BBC's 1970s "The World at War") and Burton's noble authority. Never a distraction, and often enhancing somehow the authenticity of the whole production. I loved the way he says the Russian and German generals' names, especially "Rokossovsky"! Also the subtle accenting he put on occasionally when quoting the slogans of advancing/retreating troops for example. I realised early on that I would need to get out a decent map of Germany to help me picture the movement of the various events as the Germans capitulated, though a quick check online tells me that the print edition has reasonably good maps of the key stages covered.
Maybe my 'review' should have ended after the first sentence, I'm not sure. But for anyone with an interest in the history of modern Europe, or in the dehumanisation that accompanies warfare - and the everyman's and everywoman's experience of that process, this book is a must.
'The Fall of Berlin 1945' by A. Beevor suffers from two major maladies: an absence of thorough editing and proofreading attention complicated by an infection of overzealous German sympathizing tendencies.
First, a few examples of the former. Misspelled Russian names
Taken individually, perhaps, these errors could slide under the editorial radar as "minor" oversights. Collectively, however, they bespeak gross journalistic and historical neglect. So much for accuracy.
The book's more damaging weakness lies with Herr Beevor's flagrantly biased German sympathizing. (No, not Nazi sympathizing, Gott behüte!) Clearly the book is written from the German point of view. In a (token?) nod to journalistic balance, perhaps, the author mentions atrocities committed by SS and Wehrmacht on occupied Soviet territories. But wait, read more carefully: The SS "liberated" a town "occupied by" the Red Army. Katyusha strike was "akin to shooting hostages in response to a partisan attack" (p. 321)—excuse me? Here's another bit of objectivity that missed its mark: French POWs were "reluctant to work" and were "escaping their camps, usually to visit German women" (p. 179). (Those Frenchmen, what one can expect!) It gets better: Zhukov didn't care about Hitler's birthday (p. 255). Why should he—to send a postcard? And better (or worse): Who cares what dress Eva Braun was wearing or whether Adolf gave her a big sloppy kiss? Coincidentally (??!) all German names are spelled correctly. Dankeschön!
Unfortunately, it seems Mr. Beevor failed to do what his beloved Germans call Quellenkritik (that is, criticizing the source). Take the above-cited passage about the French prisoners. It sure sounds like somebody's personal opinion, spell that s-t-e-r-e-o-t-y-p-e. (Frenchmen are lazy and think of nothing but you-know-what.) By invoking such a prejudiced view, the author further casts his bias into sordid relief. Does he really believe such allegations? Does he have evidence to support such rumors (police reports, for example)? Even if true, why should French prisoners work enthusiastically for their captors? The author's compassion seems clearly aligned with those gallant and virtuous Frenchmen from the "Charlemagne" SS division. Here we have true representatives of the Arian race, indeed! No doubt Communism should have been stopped . . . but with SS?!
Sadly, the author appears overdosed on Zhukov's "memoirs," and, consequently, overrates his popularity after the war.
In another anti-Russian diatribe, Mr. Beevor obsesses over looting and rape committed by the Red Army. Indeed, Soviet soldiers were no knights in shining armor. But then, neither were American, British and French soldiers. (Only once does he allude to looting Americans.) Were no German women raped in the West part of Germany? (Haven't you heard about the incidents of NATO-led peace force soldiers in Kosovo accused of rape?) On the other hand, what gave Americans cause for revenge in 1945? Germany neither invaded the United States nor bombed Washington, D.C. But, again, what about the Brits and the French?
Overall diagnosis of 'The Fall of Berlin'? It's not the work of a historian but, rather, the misbred product of a biased journalist. The whole book could be summarized by its single quote: "My God!" said a companion of Kee [the British POW]. "I'll forgive the Russians absolutely anything they do to this country when they arrive. Absolutely anything" (pp. 41–42).
26/3/08
This book affected the way I think and feel about our security.
A complete history of the last months of World War Two. As the Russians and the Allies closed in on Berlin, this book examines how it affected the lives of ordinary Berliners as well as those still clinging to the power of the Third Reich.
It is shocking to read people
Simply a great book. A familiar subject but well written and enhanced with some information from Russia not available 20 years ago.
The real horror of the end of the war really comes
Really glad I read it.
Beevor's book describes the details focusing mainly
He deals quite dispassionately with the deaths of Hitler, Goebbels and others. The only person who is treated with some respect is General Zuchov.