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Fiction. Literature. HTML: Cipriano Algor, an elderly potter, lives with his daughter Marta and her husband Mar�al in a small village on the outskirts of The Center, an imposing complex of shops, apartments, and offices to which Cipriano delivers his pots and jugs every month. On one such trip, he is told not to make any more deliveries. Unwilling to give up his craft, Cipriano tries his hand at making ceramic dolls. Astonishingly, The Center places an order for hundreds, and Cipriano and Marta set to work-until the order is cancelled and the three have to move from the village into The Center. When mysterious sounds of digging emerge from beneath their apartment, Cipriano and Mar�al investigate, and what they find transforms the family's life. Filled with the depth, humor, and the extraordinary philosophical richness that marks each of Saramago's novels, The Cave is one of the essential books of our time..… (more)
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This meaningless life continues until Cipriano and his son-in-law see what they were not supposed to see.
From this point life at The Center has become intolerable. All Cipriano's fears of the future are realized and he flees this artificial life.
For all its philosophic underpinnings, the title should clue you into those, its outrage against a modern world which further alienates men from natural society and the nature itself and outrage against blind, acccepting consumerism and the mega-companies which exploit it, this is a book about love and family. It quietly showcases one of the most beautiful father-daughter relationships I have ever encountered in fiction or otherwise. The difficult and awkward relationship between Cipriano and his son-in-law is also beautifully developed, and possibly one of the best things about this book.
The books structure is meandering and loose. It isn't so much about the plot which is outlined in the synopsis of the book on its back cover, as about the people. This is no surprise. No matter how inventive Saramago's plots maybe, the heart of his books is the people. And love and its power to save us. Rich ideas, rich in love, this is a book I can't get out of my mind.
And there is a love story to boot. Widowed Cipriano hesitantly considers taking another stab at love.
And there is a dog. A lost dog adopted by Cipriano and named Found. For all that Cipriano loses, this book is more about what he and his loved ones find as a consequence of the losses.
Saramago is justly considered by many to be the world's greatest writer.
What a strange scene you describe and what strange prisoners. They are just like us.
In the
Education takes for granted that sight is there but that it isn't turned the right way or where it ought to look, and it tries to redirect it appropriately.
All of this plays into the novel which tells the story of a potter, Cipriano Algor, his daughter Marta who is married to Marcal Gacho (who is a guard at the "Center"), a dog called Found (who is exactly that), and a woman named Isaura (who lives in the same village as the others and becomes Cipriano's partner at the end of the book). The society is strange: Cipriano and the others live in a poor village, and to take Marcal to work at the Center, Cipriano drives through areas known as the Green Belt (massive greenhouse operations under dark plastic), followed by the Industrial Sector (baleful descriptions of dark, depressing industrial structures), and the Settlements (very poor shantytowns that encroach upon the road and are periodically pushed back by the security forces, and which are continually demolished on the fringes as the city and the Center continue to expand). The Center is a massive complex that is completely self-contained though open to the public for shopping and entertainment, dedicated to commercialism, and includes residences for employees and all manner of artificial lakes, beaches, jungles, etc, etc; it sounds very much like the West Edmonton Mall on steroids. Saramago spends very little time on the society itself, and almost no one else figures in the story. There is mention of highjackers on the road to the Centre, from the shantytown, but Cipriano himself is never bothered. Cipriano had supplied pottery to the Centre, but it was decided that this was no longer commercially viable. He tries his hand at clay figurines, with the help of Marta and Marcal, and is quite excited with the prospects, but these also have no commercial appeal for the Center. Faced with the inevitable, Cipriano has no choice but to move with Marcal and Marta into a small apartment in the Center when Marcal is promoted as a security guard. Initially apprehensive, Cipriano seems to be taking to the Center as he explores what it has to offer in terms of sensory experiences (real snowstorms, trips through the jungle, etc), but then comes the discovery in excavations under the Center that throws everything off: Plato's Cave, complete with the mummified remains of the prisoners and the scorched area of the bonfire. As Cipriano says, in explaining the allegory to Marta, and echoing Socrates: "Those people are us...they are us, me, you, Marcal, the whole Center, probably the whole world". Even Marcal (who develops a lot as a character) had begun to have misgivings about his job and living in the Center, and the discovery of the Cave is the last straw for him as well. Cipriano leaves first, returns to the village and the love of Isaura, followed shortly by Marcal and Marta, and the novel ends with the four of them setting off in the truck for places unknown and no secure future, but secure in their love for each other, and the recognition that whatever the future may hold, it will at least be real to them and not the artificiality of the Center that had governed their lives for so long. As the height of that artificiality, Marcal notes that the Center has a poster on its walls: Coming soon, public opening of Plato's Cave, an exclusive attraction, unique in the world, buy your ticket now.
This is a fine novel about the images that shape our lives and which we take as reality, but which may in fact be false and lead us into false conclusions, actions, decisions.
The plot focuses on the life of three characters, Cipriano Algor, his daughter, and his son-in-law. Cipriano is a potter who makes earthenware and sells it to "The Center". The Center is described to sound like a Super Wal-Mart, IKEA, and high-rise apartment building combined. This gives the reader the impression that the book is set in modern times. Our protagonist is a potter from a long pedigree of potters. His daughter, who lives with him, also shares his occupation. His son-in-law is a security guard at The Center.
Cipriano's business begins to struggle as earthenware becomes less popular with the masses. At the same time, his son-in-law awaits a promotion to resident guard and wants his wife and father-in-law to move to The Center with him. Thus is the primary tension of the story - Cipriano's antiquated occupation and more traditional lifestyle versus Wal-Mart.
One gets the distinct impression that Saramago is making several points with the story but it's so veiled that it requires some considerable thought. I'm still not sure I quite get some of the points he was trying to make through the events at the end of the story, including the very esoteric climax (and I use the term "climax" very loosely here). I'll speculate in the spoilers in case you're interested.
All in all, as mentioned above, the book is slow. It simply takes too long to get going and had it not been Saramago, I would have put it down. I'd been wanting to read this book for quite some time though so I was determined to plow on through. I would not recommend starting here if you've never read Saramago. Begin with Blindness or All The Names or The Double. I gave the book 2.5 stars because I believe it to be just an average book. Admittedly, that even includes a bias for this author.
*****SPOILERS HEREAFTER*****
Cipriano Algor has made earthenware for The Center for his entire life and one day gets the notice that people are no longer interested in his goods. He must remove his product from the shelves and should expect no further orders. During his return home from this horrible news, he stops by his wife's grave at the cemetery and sees another widower from town, a woman by the name of Isaura. She explains that the handle on the pitcher that she bought from Cipriano has broken. He offers to bring her a replacement and a very subtle romance has been sparked.
Upon his return home, a dog finds the Algor house and Cipriano adopts the pet as his own (dog name: Found). The dog is portrayed as very special but we never quite know why. The dog only wants to be around this family (and Isaura) and immediately made this house his home.
While the son-in-law, Marcal, is working at The Center, Cipriano's daughter comes up with the idea of making pottery figurines/dolls as a substitute product for The Center. The Center is willing to give them a try and will test market the figurines once a batch has been produced. The majority of the book is spent with our two main characters struggling to create these new products. In the meantime, Cipriano has delivered the replacement pitcher but refuses to admit to his family - indeed to himself - his affection for Isaura.
As the results of the test marketing return, The Center calls and informs Cipriano that they will not be ordering any more of the figurines. His business is dead. Marcal gets the promotion to resident guard and moves the family, including Cipriano, to The Center to live. On the day of departure, Cipriano takes Found to live with Isaura and finally professes his love to her which she does in return. Despite her protestations, he still refuses to stay with her since he has no work and cannot provide for a wife.
They move into The Center which is a modern high-rise with modern furniture and the father and daughter are very unhappy. Cipriano decides that he must find something to occupy his time. He begins walking around The Center everyday. It's as if his constant movement prevents him from absorbing his new reality. Shortly after they move in, The Center makes a discovery during the excavations to build an additional basement floor. The discovery is top secret among the security guards but Marcal lets slip to his family that a cave has been unearthed.
The security guards have rotating shifts where each one of them protects the cave (solo) for a four hour shift. Marcal's shift is at 2:00 a.m. Cipriano takes it upon himself to go see the cave during Marcal's shift. Cipriano feels implored to do this as he "knew something like this was going to happen". He had premonitions of "a sign." He goes into the cave and finds six dead people (three couples). They are all bound so that they are in an upright, sitting position on a stone bench. Cipriano gets exceptionally emotional and goes back to their apartment.
Upon arrival, his daughter awaits him and he tells her that "the people in the cave, that was us." He begins packing immediately and leaves to go back to their original home and pottery which has not been sold. He arrives to find Isaura caring for their home with Found. Within a few days, Marcal and his wife come home as well. Marcal indicates that the site of those cadavers was simply too much for him to remain at The Center.
When they realize that they now have no jobs, they decide to take an even bigger gamble and they pack up the van and start on the road with no particular destination in mind. That's where the book concludes.
While the book is considerably longer than the passage above, the plot isn't much thicker. The cave at the end is left to the reader's interpretation. Their leaving the home/pottery at the end seems a bit out of place as well.
The way that I read the book was that the plot is intended to compare and contrast old world and new world. It appears to be a statement by Saramago that the Wal-Marts are bad and that the craftsmen are unfortunately a dying breed. He makes it pretty obvious that he holds this in ill regard. The Center was always very cold and "by the numbers". Cipriano was always very understanding, living up to his committments, hard working, and caring (even to The Center).
I took the cave and the people therein as a sign that if Cipriano and family were to stay, The Center would swallow them and they would die as a part of it. We don't get enough detail to conclude much else. As I mentioned above, I'm sure there are other undercurrent messages that Saramago intended. I just let them slip right by.
The story follows potter Cipriano Algor, his daughter and fellow potter Marta, and Marta's husband, Marcal
Heartbroken - Cipriano's pottery has been in his family for two generations, and is all he has left of his late wife - the family must contemplate a change of work, develop new products, or face life in the cold, gray Center, where Marcal works as a security guard. The decision must be made quickly, for Marta is pregnant - and although Cipriano dreads the thought of moving to the soulless Center, he may have no choice.
The journey is one best left undescribed; it's depressing, uplifting, and heartwarming, all-in-one. However, along the way we meet Found, the dog, whose internal musings are some of the most appropriate I have ever encountered in literature, and a kind woman who Senhor Algor just happens to encounter when visiting his wife's grave.
I can't recommend this book enough. It's not for everyone, and can at times be very, very dense. However, I think its beauty shines through any imperfections it may have.
The omnipresent, hovering, interjecting, digressing narrative voice is something of a shock to a reader whose Read shelf contains the works mine does: it's so intrusive that it vies with the plot for being the focus of the novel. There is much to be unhappy with in this approach, but somehow the reader -- this reader -- never was unhappy: the gentle confidence of the voice somehow makes it acceptable, and over this very old-fashioned style eventually cast a very modern glow through commenting on its own selection and narration of events. Almost against my will it led me to accept it.
The Cave maybe not actually be a novel but a fictional reworking of a cautionary tale, an essay on some of the pitfalls of life cast in fictional form. But if one can relax with the narrative voice, the work, whatever it might be classified, can provide much of interest, and of pleasure.
It is a story of common people, villagers, with a simple daily life revolving around their work in their family pottery. Yet Cipriano's regular journeys to the big town show us that this village is on the edge of a zone of environmental destruction caused by the mega-corp that is taking over the city. We don't know where this is located and therefore can easily imagine it is here in our country. We know such a mega-corp. We fear for the continuation of our own village life.
In the first 50 pages I had jotted down dozens of homely aphorisms, charmed by new ways of looking at daily existence. Lo and behold, the author now speaks to the reader (p.56), acknowledging his use of aphorisms and how useless they are in difficult circumstances. I am charmed by the author acknowledging my existence, and, in later passages, taking the time to interrupt his story to explain what he will or will not tell us, meanwhile giving the story time to unfold as it will.
I enjoyed getting to know Cipriano, Marta, and Marcal; their love and support for each other, their good humor in trying times, their acceptance of what the other needs. And even tho I didn't learn enough to become a potter myself, we do learn quite a bit about the steps in creating items from clay the old-fashioned way.
I was, however, very surprised at the ending. Since Cipriano called the repository where he put his reject work a 'cave,' I had imagined people discovering these rejects and cherishing them as unique/quaint/charming. Well, what else could happen to provide a livelihood for this village family?
Saramago, as always, treats his characters with irony and tenderness. He also made me laugh out loud with his self-referential observations about writing and narrative, like this one, which is even funnier if you're familiar with his idiosyncratic punctuation and his habit of seemingly irrelevant but often most illuminating digressions:
"The trouble with digressions is the ease with which the digressor can become distracted by diversions, making him lose the thread of words and events, as has just happened to Found [the dog], who caught only the second half of the following words spoken by Cipriano Algor, which is why, as you will notice, they do not start with a capital letter, that's it, I won't go running after her any more, said the potter, obviously he wasn't referring to the above-mentioned capital letter, since he doesn't use them when he speaks, but to the woman called Isaura Estudiosa."