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A seventeenth-century Dutch anatomist discovers the Achilles tendon by dissecting his own amputated leg. Chopin's heart is carried back to Warsaw in secret by his adoring sister. A woman must return to her native Poland in order to poison her terminally ill high school sweetheart, and a young man slowly descends into madness when his wife and child mysteriously vanish during a vacation and just as suddenly reappear. Through these brilliantly imagined characters and stories, interwoven with haunting, playful, and revelatory meditations, Flights explores what it means to be a traveler, a wanderer, a body in motion not only through space but through time. Where are you from? Where are you coming in from? Where are you going? we call to the traveler. Enchanting, unsettling, and wholly original, Flights is a master storyteller's answer.… (more)
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There is no good translation of the title. Bieguni can be translated as runners, or it can be translated as pilgrims. The title is borrowed from the name of an Orthodox Christian sect whose members tried to avoid evil by moving about and changing places.
Motion! Keep moving - that’s the very explicit message in Flights, Olga Tokarczuk’s fascinating and highly praised 2007 novel. Stand still and The Man will co-opt you, pin you down like an insect in a case, and sentence you to servitude in hell. Keep
Flights consists of more than a hundred segments of widely varying lengths. The novel’s framework slowly becomes clear, and while only a few narrative threads recur to be updated, these are few and set out quite obliquely. Ms. Tokarczuk sets out for our consideration 17th Century practices in preserving corpses, with brilliant scenes of the busy anatomists’ operating room theaters. In an early thematic statement, the author asks, isn’t it wrong that we die? Shouldn’t we be able to preserve our bodies in perpetuity? The scenes set in 17th Century Holland bring us up close and personal to the first scientists to preserve flesh in any effective way. We return to this motif several times throughout the book, able to follow modernizations in technique along the way.
Other segments contain observations of various details and impressions of 21st Century travel: how people behave on planes; a certain universality of hotel rooms; a nervous note written on the bottom of an air sickness bag years ago; the design of airports. I don’t know if it’s actually the case in airports around the world, but in Flights, specialists - therapists and advanced students - give lectures in airport hallways about the psychology of travel. Mostly these lectures are only spottily attended or heeded - we and our author-guide are included in the crowd that doesn’t pay attention.
But: just past halfway through the narrative we meet Annushka, a disaffected housewife in Moscow. With a hopeless and restricting family life, she flees her predicament during her mother-in-law’s weekly visit. She takes to riding Moscow’s metro, finding a secluded corner to sleep in when the trains shut down for the night. A few days into this life, she encounters a mysterious woman, a vagrant clothed in multiple layers, even her face is hidden. She stands in a station hollering invective at whomever passes. Most of it is unintelligible, but Annushka eventually approaches her and, after spooking her at first, engages her in a halting conversation, fueled by the meals Annushka buys for her.
She learns the woman’s name is Galena, and Galena lives by the code of keeping moving. In her addled, outcast way, Galena serves as the Oracle of this story. At page 258 et seq, in a section called “What the Shrouded Runaway Was Saying,” the enterprising author spells out one main theme of the novel. In it we learn that the body in motion is holy and cannot be pinned down to an accounted-for, prefabricated, predestined life. If you keep moving, you will be saved from the inhuman government’s cataloging, its endless need for strict order and adherence, birth to the grave. A quote from this poetic exhortation:
“So go, away, walk, run, take flight, because the second you forget and stand still, his massive hands will seize you and turn you into a puppet, you’ll be enveloped in his breath, stinking of smoke and fumes and the big trash dumps outside town. He will turn your brightly colored soul into a tiny flat one, cut out of paper, of newspaper, and he will threaten you with fire, disease, and war, he will scare you so you lose your peace of mind and cease to sleep.”
We also read of a family whose arc exists in multiple segments, far apart in the book. While on vacation on the Adriatic, the man’s wife disappears with their small son for several days. This disappearance lasts a few days, but the man feels he cannot get a straight answer from his wife about it. He hounds her for months with his single-minded questions until finally she flies for good and takes her son with her. So, one cannot or should not become too literal in looking for reasons for flight. They are obvious and many, but sometimes unnamable. Whatever the reasons for the woman’s first sojourn away from her husband, eventually he drove her off permanently.
An unusual reading experience, this. We go along section by section, anticipating that a narrative will emerge, but we must content ourselves with a very slow and oblique unfolding. The main body of the story keeps us definitely in the present day: the rhythms and sights and smells and emotions of modern travel are all too familiar. Longer segments pop vividly up, with their more orthodox story lines, like advances in the preservation of human flesh, and two separate stories of women running from their homes and their oppressive family situations.
By and by, the images and the lessons gel into clarity: flight is sacred, natural, and necessary. The seeming randomness in the segments supports the thesis: the flesh of humans who have been preserved for display or exemplifies the pinning-down of people stationary in perpetuity. The more orthodox stories show people on the move for reasons of self-preservation, and the first-person narrator herself is constantly traveling around the world. It’s a wide-ranging novel, appropriately, and achieves its overarching thesis beautifully. Take it up and enjoy it. It’s unique, compelling, a deserving prize winner.
It’s been a while since I met a book that felt so painfully slow, disjointed, uninteresting, and absolutely not my jam.
The odd thing
I guess the point of Flights was to show how everything, all the world is in transit or transition in some way, but the sheer number of different snippets of stories – there were no real stories in this book, at least none that had a beginning, middle and end – just made me loose interest very quickly in any of them.
Couple this with a style that, while very lyrical, was experimental to the point of just throwing out a lot of, not platitudes, but statements like they were supposed be universal truths without questioning them. I just could not find anything in this book that would engage, amuse, entertain, or even interest me at all.
It may be that the author tried too hard. It may be that the book just went over my head. Whatever.
The one unforgivable effect that this book had on me was it bored me stiff.
But at least I can count it towards my Around the World reading project.
However I just don't
The main problem is that the majority of interludes are just overwhelmingly banal, and read like the shower thoughts of a gap-year traveller - desperately justifying their long holiday through surface-deep musings on the importance of moving. A few reviewers misused the word 'flaneur' in describing this - when that's what this book is precisely lacking: any spatially-specific depth, developed through proper engagement over time. It's an 'airport novel' in the worst sense.
I mean: "Barbarians don’t travel. They simply go to destinations or conduct raids". Good lord, pass me the beer.
The longer fictional elements which intersperse the text are better - and written in a frank, competent style. But as unresolved vignettes they are still trying to gesture towards a vague profundity which the book doesn't ever validate or justify.
A magnificent novel.
...but of course that's unfair. Whatever the method that led her to pick these particular themes, Tokarczuk knows what she's doing, and she stitches them into a complex but very satisfying whole, using a mixture of first-person observation in the persona of the author, fragments of fictional stories, and historical anecdotes, illustrated in a pleasingly incoherent way by a selection of old and slightly offbeat maps of places that mostly don't have anything obvious to do with the text.
Some things work better than others: the whole flight=fugue, arrival=death, aircraft=womb (etc.) thing has been done by so many other people, and the last part of the book almost reads like a rehash of Tennyson's "Ulysses". But she does manage to keep our attention, even there, and she does a lot of unexpected things with the other major thread about anatomical exhibitions and tissue-preservation (parts of which are also quite well-trodden ground for postmodern writers). And she's simply such a good writer in detail as well: wherever we are in the book there are unexpected images and pieces of observation to make us go back and read a passage again, with even more pleasure than the first time.
But there are also moments
I understand that themes play here a much larger role than a plot and the author even (indirectly) explains in the book why so many of the pieces are inconclusive, but for me personally there were too many set-ups with no enough payoffs to enjoy this book. I appreciate the artistry and the author's skillfulness, but I can't see myself reading this book again.
I finally got around to reading 'House of Day, House of Night' on a friend's recommendation, after reading Tokarczuk 'Flights,' which is somehow even better. I'm baffled as to why this kind of form hasn't made its way into
The center-piece to this book is the story of St. Uncumber (Wilgefortis in German), who repelled a rapey would-be fiance by assuming the face of Jesus, beard and all, and thus became the patron of all women in horrible relationships (until her cult was suppressed fifty odd years ago)--and, more importantly, Uncumber's hagiographer (I'm pretty sure Tokarczuk make him up). This tale was inspired by the narrator's trip to the local church, which featured a pamphlet life of the saint; much of the rest of the book details the relationship between our narrator and her neighbor, Marta, which veers between standard small town comedy and fairy-tale airiness. Usually I would roll my eyes at the latter, but here it works, because Tokarczuk presents it so modestly--no "look at me undermining paradigms!" stuff here.
Perhaps the gender-bending, localism and fairy-tale aspects will date this book in a few years; perhaps not. But it works wonderfully with the later 'Flights.' 'Flights' is tied together by the narrator's travels in the world of bodily preservation, which she refers to as her 'pilgrimages.' The narratives here are more resolutely contemporary: families go on holiday, only for disaster to strike, and so on. The past is just as important as it is in 'House,' but the stories are more--if this is the right word--mainstream. As a special bonus, there are fabulous illustrations.
While 'House' is about one place, about the immobility of history and God and so on, and how all that immobility relies on motion and change, 'Flights' is more or less the exact opposite: same form, with science (in the form plastination) taking the place of God (if not religion) and tourism taking the place of localism: it turns out that the ever changing world of the human body and tourism and love relies on some fixity, as well.
Intelligent, beautifully translated, endlessly interesting, and blessedly non-self-important, I can only hope these two novels exert some influence over writers outside of Poland as well as inside it.