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The Archimedes is a modern merchant steamship in tip-top condition, and in the summer of 1929 it has been picking up goods along the eastern seaboard of the United States before making a run to China. A little overloaded, perhaps--the oddly assorted cargo includes piles of old newspapers and heaps of tobacco--the ship departs for the Panama Canal from Norfolk, Virginia, on a beautiful autumn day. Before long, the weather turns unexpectedly rough--rougher in fact than even the most experienced members of the crew have ever encountered. The Archimedes, it turns out, has been swept up in the vortex of an immense hurricane, and for the next four days it will be battered and mauled by wind and waves as it is driven wildly off course. Caught in an unremitting struggle for survival, both the crew and the ship will be tested as never before. Based on detailed research into an actual event, Richard Hughes's tale of high suspense on the high seas is an extraordinary story of men under pressure and the unexpected ways they prove their mettle--or crack. Yet the originality, art, and greatness of In Hazard stem from something else: Hughes's eerie fascination with the hurricane itself, the inhuman force around which this wrenching tale of humanity at its limits revolves. Hughes channels the furies of sea and sky into a piece of writing that is both apocalyptic and analytic. In Hazard is an unforgettable, defining work of modern adventure.… (more)
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More than a century ago, the weather was an unchained beast that stalked the world, and this was especially true on the open oceans. The captain of an ocean going vessel knew the weather no further than the horizon and consulted his barometer like a diviner consulting the entrails of a sacrificial lamb. Wireless improved the situation. At the dawn of the 20th century, ships could now communicate the weather at their locations in real time. By the 1920's these reports were being collated and radioed out twice a day as weather alerts to merchant vessels plowing the seas. Now a ship's captain could see the weather over the horizon and could act accordingly to protect his ship...and the owner's investment. But though the situation was better, a captain's view of the future was still murky and danger was still waiting over the horizon.
Richard Hughes, novel, In Hazard, first published in 1938, is the fictionalized tale of a steamship, the Archimedes, which finds itself accidentally caught in a late season hurricane of tremendous power. The story is short and simple. A tale of men pitted against nature, their machines and themselves.
Hughes spent four years researching and writing the novel, and the effort can be seen on every page. He presents a detailed picture of the operations of a steamship in the inter-war period. Within a hundred pages, you feel as though you could walk around such a ship and explain the operation of every component. That you could navigate the shipboard politics which divides the vessel into well defined territories--ruled by the Captain and the Chief Engineer--two regimes, separate but equal. Finally, you come to understand the dynamic tension between the ship's captain, who must command the ship at sea, and the "Owners" back home who have entrusted so much into his hands. "In the end they had forgiven him: but not forgotten. Owners do not forget. Or, if they do, they have only to consult their files to be reminded of everything."
The strength of the book lies with these mechanical and sociological aspects of the ship's operation. The characters never seem to be more than the standard adventure story cliches: the redoubtable captain, the gruff engineer, the loyal first mate, the young man experiencing his first trials at sea, and the mid-career officer who's nerve fails under the strain. It's difficult to care about the characters because they are so generic. What saves the book is the immediacy of the writing. One feels drawn into the chaos of the storm and effort of saving the ship despite the characters.
While the book focuses on the ship and the storm, it seldom makes a false step. However, midway through the novel, Hughes unexpectedly vears off course. A Chinese seaman is suddenly introduced and becomes the center of the story. We take a long digression to recount his childhood and history. We see how he became a Communist soldier fighting with Mao Tse-tung only to be forced to flee China and take up service on the Archimedes.
The unexpected intrusion of this new plot line into the story breaks the pace of the action and kills the tension, which Hughes as so carefully built up to that point, the way one might smother a fire with a heavy blanket. It feels as though the book has somehow been temporarily hijacked by a different story--a story which ends almost as abruptly as it emerged.
In Hazard is a wonderful bit of fluff for an afternoon read. It's only problem is the inevitable racist depiction of the Chinese crewmen. The attitudes of the characters (and the author) are fairly typical for Englishmen of the 1930's, but, to a modern reader, the attitudes can be disquieting. "Shootin' is naught tae a Chinaman. They dinna min' daith, whit way a whit' mon min's it. It's a scienteefic fack that a Chinaman has fewer nairves in his body than whit we ha'e; the canna feel pain. Nearer beasts than men, they are!" If you can make allowances for such antiquated thinking, then you'll find In Hazard to be a rousing good yarn with which to pass the time.
The premise of novels like "In Hazard" is a simple one--we live in a world where technology insulates us and obscures our true nature. Take a man and remove him from that cocoon, strip away
Richard Hughes's narrative is also both simple and traditional: the 9,000 ton single-screw turbine steamer "Archimedes," finds itself caught in a monstrous hurricane in the Caribbean Sea. As the ships "modern" systems are systematically stripped away by the storm, the crew of the Archimedes must rely upon their own innate abilities to survive. During the course of their epic struggle, these men will show their true character--for better and, in some cases, for worse.
There are three basic characters in "In Hazard" and the novel's success rests on them. First, is the ship. Hughes does a good job of describing the inner workings of the steam ship. Subtle, however, it is not. With lines like "But what are a rough sea and half a gale to a fine modern vessel like the 'Archimedes'?" Hughes makes pretty clear his over-arching thematic vision of the ship. As an aside, one of the ironies recognized by the book is that the "modern" ship is far more vulnerable to the storm than the sailing ships of the past.
The second character of the book is the hurricane itself. Here, I think, Hughes is really at his best. As he describes the storm and how it challenges the men on board, Hughes draws you into the story. I would put this part of the novel right up there with Conrad's "Typhoon." There are passages about the storm that are quite simply brilliant.
Finally, the third character(s) in the book are the actual crew members of the Archimedes. Here, I confess, I felt that Hughes struggled. While some characters stood out -- Captain Edwardes and Dick Watchett in particular -- many seemed one-dimensional. In particular, I found the repeated stereotypical references to "the chinamen" distracting. I realize that's probably an anachronism attributable to when the book was written, but it still distracted me. Also, a majority of the internal monologues and meditations on the characters of the crew come somewhat unexpectedly in the later half of the novel.
Is "In Hazard" a "classic"? Hard to say. It is definitely one of the better "men against the sea" stories that I have read. It also leaves you with a number of clearly defined philosophical questions to ponder once you finish it. Ultimately, however, I think that it falls tantalizingly short of true genius. Nevertheless, I would put it on my recommended reading list.
Hughes has framed this compelling tale with a carefully researched account of a ship that was caught in, and dragged by, a hurricane over several days time, barely remaining afloat and soon without any power. Arranging the story by day over one week's time, we come to know how dependent parts of a ship's operating system are with all other parts and areas of the ship. The specific details of ship handling and construction were enthralling and horrifying. Into the frame, Hughes has inserted his characters, officers, engineers, Chinese stokers, a young seaman. Each of these becomes very real, and very individual, to the reader. The combination of the terrible storm, its effects on the ship and the men and the suspense of how, and if, the ship will survive make enthralling reading. Men act better, or worse, that you would expect under trials such as these. When you remember that the book came out just before World War II, it really makes you think about all the endangered men at sea in that conflict and what they had to undergo.
I recommend this book without reservation. The reader will gain a great deal of interesting information, and many things to ponder in the lives and interactions of human beings. The sudden event at the end was shocking to me, but I can see how it relates to the very beginning of the book, and makes the whole stronger.
Also, a few reviewers complain that the book is racist. Here's a crash course on 'reading like a professor': just because a character says or thinks racist things doesn't mean the book is racist. In fact, the book goes to great, humorous lengths to show the stupidity of people making assumptions about others based on their race. But hey. It's much easier to quote some dipshit character than to read with any sort of care.
As the book's summary tells you, this is a story about the crew of a freighter
The book is full of the blatant racism of the day. However, this isn't a fault—merely a reflection of not uncommon prejudices of the 30s.
Where the book falls short is that Hughes loses his way and wanders off into unrelated subplots. These do nothing except distract the reader and water down what could have been the wonderful tension of the struggle of Man against Nature. The fears of those who find their courage wanting, the single-minded determination of the heroes, the individuals who rise above their ordinary selves...these strengthen the tale. Detours into the Chinese nationalist struggle? Meandering, pointless reminiscences about people who were of no great import to the person? These evoked nothing for me but a sense of irritation. The after-the-fact death of one of the heroes is mystifyingly irrelevant to the plot and only served to alienate me more. Even the struggle against the storm started with a bang but ended in an anticlimax.
My recommendation would be to read A High Wind in Jamaica and leave this one alone.