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Every Wednesday, Gretchen Reynolds singlehandedly influences how millions of Americans work out. In her Phys Ed column for the New York Times, she debunks myths, spurs conversation, and creates arguments among her readers by questioning widely held beliefs about exercise. Expanding upon her popular columns, Reynolds tackles the questions we all have and (sometimes) ask about exercise. Consulting experts in physiology, biology, psychology, neurology, and sports, she uncovers how often we should exercise, how long workouts should be, how to avoid injury, and how to find the right form, routine and equipment for our goals. She also reveals some surprising answers, like: 20 minutes of cardio at a time is enough to obtain maximum health benefits (and in some cases, just six minutes is all you need); stretching before a workout is counterproductive (it's better to just start easy, i.e., walk before you run); core strength is nice but not necessary (a six-pack looks great but actually has little bearing on performance); walking improves your memory and housecleaning improves your mood (the brain is like a muscle, it likes to exercise); and chocolate milk is better than Gatorade for recovery (providing the best sports nutrition is often the simplest.) Drawing on scientific expertise as well as her own athletic experiences, Gretchen Reynolds will help you find the right workout for your body, age, fitness and goals. Whether your desire is to be fit for the rest of your life, to look great in a smaller dress size or to run your third marathon in Boston, The First 20 Minutes will make your workouts work for you.… (more)
User reviews
Many common assumptions have been proven by recent research to be overrated, if not complete myths. Core strength is not the ultimate solution it's become in recent years. 6-pack abs look good but don't add much to capabilities. Hydration is important, but over-rated, including 8 glasses per day. More people die in marathons from too much fluid than too little. Running doesn't wear down the knees; it strengthens them. Ibuprophen is over-rated, and it can mask emerging industries. Massage and ice baths do not really speed recovery.
Exercise helps depression, reduces the negative effects of stress, anxiety, and anger, encouraging a calmer and happier disposition, and makes you smarter from better blood flow to
Weight loss, marathon running, cycling, swimming, weightlifting, and general aerobic exercises are covered. Distinctions are made between men and women, by age (under and over 40), and advice given to avoid exercise-related injuries. Lookout for the end of chapter key points for great tips and advice. Below are some of the more general things I liked that people should either do or don't do.
Do:
✔ 150 minutes of exercise per week. (Sex counts as exercise!)
✔ Increase fitness by increasing intensity or duration by 10% per week.
✔ Keep an exercise diary.
✔ Only short, low intensity warm-ups work otherwise they impede performance.
✔ Eat a banana before exercise and exercise before breakfast, drink low fat chocolate milk after, and eat eggs for breakfast.
✔ Continue normal routine after exercise instead of being less active.
✔ Drink pickle juice (2.5 ounces) as a palliative (takes 85 seconds) for cramping which is due to muscle exhaustion, not dehydration. Vinegar may be the thing in the pickle juice that works.
✔ Interval exercise (e.g. 3 min high intensity, 3 min low intensity) is more efficient, 75 minutes per week max.
✔ Weight / resistance training is incredibly beneficial, especially for people like runners: increases flexibility, strengthens bones, increases reaction and speed times.
✔ More repetitions with lighter weights are more effective than less repetitions with heavier weights.
✔ Increase balance by standing on one leg and closing your eyes while brushing your teeth each day.
✔ 25 squats everyday, they strengthen most of the body. Add a kettlebell for more of a challenge.
✔ 16 pushups for women, 27 for men minimum. Beginners: use counter-top first, move to stairs, then the floor.
✔ Follow the right way to do certain aerobic exercises see the end of chapter 6 (40 mins into 6th audio file).
✔ Moderate exercise while ill improves health.
✔ Stand more than sit, it burns more calories.
Don't:
✘ Take ibuprofen for sore muscles, it will decrease the effect of the exercise.
✘ Massage sore muscles, it impedes blood flow and gives no physiological benefits regarding performance.
✘ Take ice baths. They cause more soreness after exercise, and don't speed recovery or increase performance.
✘ Do carbo-loading, it doesn't work. It only puts weight on.
✘ Eat more when exercising if you're trying to lose weight. You're replacing what you've burned.
✘ Do crunches or sit-ups until you've researched the right way to do them or you could damage your spine.
✘ Buy tone-up shoes, they only work while doing squats.
✘ Buy individually tailored shoes, they lead to more injuries. Your feet adjust to what they're used to. Barefoot runners run differently to those in shoes, their feet slap the ground with less force and land on the front of the foot. If you want to switch types, do it gradually.
Listen up, women!:
✺ Scientific fact: It's harder for women to lose weight.
✺ But when we stop exercising we'll hang-on to our exercise benefits for longer than men. This is thought to ensure survival during pregnancy -an evolutionary advantage.
✺ We're more likely to be injured while oestrogen is high (i.e. during ovulation). We're more clumsy.
✺ In utero changes to foetuses in response to a good diet and exercise of their mothers, gives babies better starts in life.
✺ We sweat less than men during exercise; overweight and unfit women sweat less than fit women so they're less able to keep cool. Fit people sweat more at lower temperatures as a form of temperature control to avoid overheating.
Parts may be a little too technical and boring for some (perhaps a few too many studies were explained in detail), and it's a little repetitive in places. I've studied biology to degree level, but I was struggling to remember those lessons while listening to the more scientific elements of exercise. However, both the author and some of the scientists had a sense of humour. Reynolds said Paula Radcliffe 'runs like a praying mantis', and one study was called 'Revenge of the Sit.' Honestly, I think the usefulness of the advice given outweighs the more tedious aspects of the book.
Karen Saltus is an excellent narrator. She made this a joy to listen to rather than a chore. I'd definitely recommend The First 20 Minutes to everyone doing any sort of exercise.